用普通耳塞麦克风实现低成本触觉感知,提升机器人抓取与接触操作能力。
MicCheck: Repurposing Off-the-Shelf Pin Microphones for Easy and Low-Cost Contact Sensing
- 将蓝牙耳塞麦克风改装为触觉传感器,无需定制硬件即可采集接触声音信号。
- 在10类材料分类任务中准确率达92.9%,在抓取倒液任务中成功率从40%提升至80%。
- 适合预算有限的机器人研究者快速部署声学触觉感知系统。
机器人操作任务高度依赖接触交互,但现有模仿学习方法多依赖视觉,难以捕捉刚度、粗糙度、滑移等细微交互信息。触觉信号可弥补这一不足,但现有传感器常需昂贵、脆弱或集成复杂的硬件。本文提出MicCheck,一种即插即用的声学感知方案,将市售蓝牙耳塞麦克风改造为低成本接触传感器。麦克风通过3D打印夹具安装于机械臂末端,经标准USB接收器传输音频,无需定制电路或驱动程序。尽管结构简单,其信号足以支持感知与控制。在包含四类交互方式(敲击、轻叩、慢压、拖动)的10类材料分类任务中,准确率达92.9%。将其集成至开源硬件的模仿学习流程后,抓取与倾倒任务成功率从0.40提升至0.80,并能稳定执行如拔插、基于声音的分拣等高接触密度技能。相比高分辨率触觉传感器,麦克风牺牲空间细节,换取成本优势与易部署性,为低成本机器人系统提供实用的声学接触感知路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Robotic manipulation tasks are contact-rich, yet most imitation learning (IL) approaches rely primarily on vision, which struggles to capture stiffness, roughness, slip, and other fine interaction cues. Tactile signals can address this gap, but existing sensors often require expensive, delicate, or integration-heavy hardware. In this work, we introduce MicCheck, a plug-and-play acoustic sensing approach that repurposes an off-the-shelf Bluetooth pin microphone as a low-cost contact sensor. The microphone clips into a 3D-printed gripper insert and streams audio via a standard USB receiver, requiring no custom electronics or drivers. Despite its simplicity, the microphone provides signals informative enough for both perception and control. In material classification, it achieves 92.9% accuracy on a 10-class benchmark across four interaction types (tap, knock, slow press, drag). For manipulation, integrating pin microphone into an IL pipeline with open source hardware improves the success rate on picking and pouring task from 0.40 to 0.80 and enables reliable execution of contact-rich skills such as unplugging and sound-based sorting. Compared with high-resolution tactile sensors, pin microphones trade spatial detail for cost and ease of integration, offering a practical pathway for deploying acoustic contact sensing in low-cost robot setups.
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