arXiv:2511.18684cs.CV2025-11被引 2

无需训练即可一键擦除文本图像与视频中的特定概念,安全高效。

Now You See It, Now You Don't - Instant Concept Erasure for Safe Text-to-Image and Video Generation

  • 通过能量加权空间划分实现精准擦除与保留区域分离
  • 在多个模型上实现零延迟、强鲁棒性的概念移除效果
  • 适合需要快速去敏感内容的生成模型部署场景

文本到图像(T2I)和文本到视频(T2V)模型的安全部署亟需可靠的特定概念移除能力。现有方法普遍存在重训练成本高、推理开销大或易受对抗攻击等问题,且极少建模目标概念与周围内容的潜在语义重叠,导致擦除后产生附带损伤;更少方法能在T2I与T2V两个领域均稳定工作。本文提出即时概念擦除(ICE),一种无需训练、跨模态通用、单次权重修改的方法,实现精确、持久的遗忘且无运行时开销。ICE采用各向异性能量加权缩放定义擦除与保留子空间,并引入闭式重叠投影器显式正则化二者交集。构建凸且Lipschitz有界的谱遗忘目标函数,平衡擦除精度与交集保留,获得稳定唯一解析解。该解构成解耦算子,直接映射至模型文本条件层,使编辑永久生效且无需额外计算。在艺术风格、物体、身份及显性内容等目标移除任务中,ICE高效实现强擦除效果,提升对红队测试的鲁棒性,同时仅造成极小原始生成能力退化,在T2I与T2V模型上均表现优异。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Robust concept removal for text-to-image (T2I) and text-to-video (T2V) models is essential for their safe deployment. Existing methods, however, suffer from costly retraining, inference overhead, or vulnerability to adversarial attacks. Crucially, they rarely model the latent semantic overlap between the target erase concept and surrounding content -- causing collateral damage post-erasure -- and even fewer methods work reliably across both T2I and T2V domains. We introduce Instant Concept Erasure (ICE), a training-free, modality-agnostic, one-shot weight modification approach that achieves precise, persistent unlearning with zero overhead. ICE defines erase and preserve subspaces using anisotropic energy-weighted scaling, then explicitly regularises against their intersection using a unique, closed-form overlap projector. We pose a convex and Lipschitz-bounded Spectral Unlearning Objective, balancing erasure fidelity and intersection preservation, that admits a stable and unique analytical solution. This solution defines a dissociation operator that is translated to the model's text-conditioning layers, making the edit permanent and runtime-free. Across targeted removals of artistic styles, objects, identities, and explicit content, ICE efficiently achieves strong erasure with improved robustness to red-teaming, all while causing only minimal degradation of original generative abilities in both T2I and T2V models.

概念擦除安全生成零开销图像视频

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