arXiv:2511.19741cs.CV2025-11被引 4

提出可迁移的高效最优传输方法,解决跨数据分布匹配难题。

Efficient Transferable Optimal Transport via Min-Sliced Transport Plans

  • 设计最小切片传输计划,通过优化一维投影实现快速匹配
  • 实验证明优化切片在分布微小变化下仍保持有效性,支持跨任务迁移
  • 支持批量处理,适用于点云对齐与生成模型的快速训练

最优传输(OT)为分布间对应关系建模提供强大框架,广泛应用于形状分析、图像生成和多模态任务。然而,其计算开销限制了可扩展性。基于切片的传输方案通过利用一维OT的闭式解,显著降低计算成本:通过优化一维投影(切片),得到最小化高维空间传输代价的条件传输计划。尽管高效,这类方法未解决学习到的最优切片在分布漂移下的可迁移性问题。本文研究最小切片传输计划(min-STP)框架,探索优化切片在新分布对上的迁移能力:能否在一组分布对上训练的切片有效用于未见的新对?理论上,我们证明优化切片在数据分布轻微扰动下仍保持接近,从而支持跨相关任务的高效迁移。为进一步提升可扩展性,我们提出min-STP的批量形式,并提供统计准确性保证。实验表明,可迁移的min-STP实现了优异的一次性匹配性能,并促进了点云对齐与基于流的生成建模中的摊销训练。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Optimal Transport (OT) offers a powerful framework for finding correspondences between distributions and addressing matching and alignment problems in various areas of computer vision, including shape analysis, image generation, and multimodal tasks. The computation cost of OT, however, hinders its scalability. Slice-based transport plans have recently shown promise for reducing the computational cost by leveraging the closed-form solutions of 1D OT problems. These methods optimize a one-dimensional projection (slice) to obtain a conditional transport plan that minimizes the transport cost in the ambient space. While efficient, these methods leave open the question of whether learned optimal slicers can transfer to new distribution pairs under distributional shift. Understanding this transferability is crucial in settings with evolving data or repeated OT computations across closely related distributions. In this paper, we study the min-Sliced Transport Plan (min-STP) framework and investigate the transferability of optimized slicers: can a slicer trained on one distribution pair yield effective transport plans for new, unseen pairs? Theoretically, we show that optimized slicers remain close under slight perturbations of the data distributions, enabling efficient transfer across related tasks. To further improve scalability, we introduce a minibatch formulation of min-STP and provide statistical guarantees on its accuracy. Empirically, we demonstrate that the transferable min-STP achieves strong one-shot matching performance and facilitates amortized training for point cloud alignment and flow-based generative modeling.

最优传输点云对齐生成模型可迁移学习

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