分离高频与低频信息,实现激光雷达点云高效压缩。
FLaTEC: Frequency-Disentangled Latent Triplanes for Efficient Compression of LiDAR Point Clouds
- 用潜空间三平面表示点云,降低稀疏性与计算成本。
- 在SemanticKITTI和Ford数据集上比标准编码器降低78%~94%的码率。
- 适合需要高保真压缩的自动驾驶点云处理场景。
点云压缩需权衡码率与重建失真,但低频与高频成分在相同分辨率下贡献不同,难以平衡。为此,我们提出FLaTEC,一种频率感知压缩模型,可实现完整扫描的高比率压缩。该方法引入频率感知机制,解耦低频结构与高频纹理,并采用混合潜空间三平面作为点云紧凑代理。具体地,将体素嵌入转换为三平面表示以减少稀疏性、计算开销与存储需求;设计频率解耦技术提取紧凑低频内容,同时跨尺度收集高频细节;解耦后的高低频成分以二进制格式存储。解码时通过调制模块逐步恢复全频信号。此外,为补偿3D相关性损失,引入高效的基于频率的注意力机制,增强局部连接性并输出任意分辨率点。本方法在速率-失真性能上达到当前最优,在SemanticKITTI和Ford数据集上分别优于标准编码器78%和94%的BD-rate。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Point cloud compression methods jointly optimize bitrates and reconstruction distortion. However, balancing compression ratio and reconstruction quality is difficult because low-frequency and high-frequency components contribute differently at the same resolution. To address this, we propose FLaTEC, a frequency-aware compression model that enables the compression of a full scan with high compression ratios. Our approach introduces a frequency-aware mechanism that decouples low-frequency structures and high-frequency textures, while hybridizing latent triplanes as a compact proxy for point cloud. Specifically, we convert voxelized embeddings into triplane representations to reduce sparsity, computational cost, and storage requirements. We then devise a frequency-disentangling technique that extracts compact low-frequency content while collecting high-frequency details across scales. The decoupled low-frequency and high-frequency components are stored in binary format. During decoding, full-spectrum signals are progressively recovered via a modulation block. Additionally, to compensate for the loss of 3D correlation, we introduce an efficient frequency-based attention mechanism that fosters local connectivity and outputs arbitrary resolution points. Our method achieves state-of-the-art rate-distortion performance and outperforms the standard codecs by 78\% and 94\% in BD-rate on both SemanticKITTI and Ford datasets.
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