用多智能体自动完成复杂气候数据分析任务,准确率100%。
CLIMATEAGENT: Multi-Agent Orchestration for Complex Climate Data Science Workflows
- 分步拆解问题,由协调与规划智能体调度数据、代码等专用智能体
- 在85个真实气候任务中达成100%完成率,报告质量达8.32分
- 适合气候科研人员快速生成可复现分析报告
气候科学需要自动化工作流,将复杂问题转化为基于海量异构数据的分析结论。然而,通用大模型代理和静态脚本流程缺乏气候领域上下文与灵活性,实际表现不佳。本文提出ClimateAgent,一个自主的多智能体框架,可端到端执行气候数据分析流程。该框架将用户问题分解为可执行子任务,由协调代理与规划代理协同管理;通过专用数据代理动态探查API,生成稳健的下载脚本;并由代码代理生成Python代码、可视化图表及最终报告,内置自校正循环。为系统评估,我们构建了Climate-Agent-Bench-85基准,涵盖大气河流、干旱、极端降水、热浪、海表温度与热带气旋等85个真实任务。在该基准上,ClimateAgent实现100%任务完成率,报告质量评分为8.32,显著优于GitHub Copilot(6.27)与GPT-5基线(3.26)。结果表明,具备动态API感知与自校正执行的多智能体编排,显著提升了气候科学分析任务的可靠自动化水平。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Climate science demands automated workflows to transform comprehensive questions into data-driven statements across massive, heterogeneous datasets. However, generic LLM agents and static scripting pipelines lack climate-specific context and flexibility, thus, perform poorly in practice. We present ClimateAgent, an autonomous multi-agent framework that orchestrates end-to-end climate data analytic workflows. ClimateAgent decomposes user questions into executable sub-tasks coordinated by an Orchestrate-Agent and a Plan-Agent; acquires data via specialized Data-Agents that dynamically introspect APIs to synthesize robust download scripts; and completes analysis and reporting with a Coding-Agent that generates Python code, visualizations, and a final report with a built-in self-correction loop. To enable systematic evaluation, we introduce Climate-Agent-Bench-85, a benchmark of 85 real-world tasks spanning atmospheric rivers, drought, extreme precipitation, heat waves, sea surface temperature, and tropical cyclones. On Climate-Agent-Bench-85, ClimateAgent achieves 100% task completion and a report quality score of 8.32, outperforming GitHub-Copilot (6.27) and a GPT-5 baseline (3.26). These results demonstrate that our multi-agent orchestration with dynamic API awareness and self-correcting execution substantially advances reliable, end-to-end automation for climate science analytic tasks.
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