利用多普勒速度信息改进ICP,提升动态场景下的定位精度。
Dynamic-ICP: Doppler-Aware Iterative Closest Point Registration for Dynamic Scenes
- 通过点级多普勒速度估计运动,构建速度滤波器。
- 在复杂动态场景中实现旋转稳定性和平移精度显著提升。
- 无需外部传感器,可直接用于车载激光雷达数据,适合自动驾驶系统。
在高度动态环境中,基于ICP的位姿估计仍面临挑战,因ICP假设场景近似静态,且在重复或低纹理结构中性能下降。本文提出Dynamic-ICP,一种多普勒感知的注册框架。该方法首先通过鲁棒回归估计每个点的多普勒速度并构建速度滤波器;其次,对动态物体进行聚类,并从车辆补偿后的径向测量中重建物体级平移速度;再次,采用恒定速度模型预测动态点;最后,通过结合点到平面几何残差与旋转不变、仅依赖旋转的多普勒残差的紧凑目标函数进行扫描对齐。该方法无需外部传感器或传感器-车辆标定,直接处理FMCW激光雷达的距离和多普勒速度数据。我们在HeRCULES、HeLiPR和AevaScenes三个数据集上评估,聚焦高度动态场景。结果表明,Dynamic-ICP在旋转稳定性与平移精度上持续优于当前最优方法。本方法易于集成至现有系统,实时运行,为动态环境中的鲁棒注册提供轻量级解决方案。代码已开源:https://github.com/JMUWRobotics/Dynamic-ICP。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Reliable odometry in highly dynamic environments remains challenging when it relies on ICP-based registration: ICP assumes near-static scenes and degrades in repetitive or low-texture geometry. We introduce Dynamic-ICP, a Doppler-aware registration framework. The method (i) estimates ego motion from per-point Doppler velocity via robust regression and builds a velocity filter, (ii) clusters dynamic objects and reconstructs object-wise translational velocities from ego-compensated radial measurements, (iii) predicts dynamic points with a constant-velocity model, and (iv) aligns scans using a compact objective that combines point-to-plane geometry residual with a translation-invariant, rotation-only Doppler residual. The approach requires no external sensors or sensor-vehicle calibration and operates directly on FMCW LiDAR range and Doppler velocities. We evaluate Dynamic-ICP on three datasets-HeRCULES, HeLiPR, AevaScenes-focusing on highly dynamic scenes. Dynamic-ICP consistently improves rotational stability and translation accuracy over the state-of-the-art methods. Our approach is also simple to integrate into existing pipelines, runs in real time, and provides a lightweight solution for robust registration in dynamic environments. To encourage further research, the code is available at: https://github.com/JMUWRobotics/Dynamic-ICP.
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