根据任务自动选最佳模型迁移评估指标,省时又精准。
MetaRank: Task-Aware Metric Selection for Model Transferability Estimation
- 用元学习方法,按任务特性从多个指标中智能筛选最优
- 在14个数据集上比现有方法平均提升超10%的排序准确率
- 适合想快速选好预训练模型的研究者和工程师
在迁移学习中,选择合适的预训练源模型至关重要,但全量微调代价高昂。模型迁移能力估计(MTE)方法通过高效代理指标对模型进行排序,避免重复训练。然而实践中,常凭经验或历史平均表现选择指标,而我们发现不同任务下各指标表现差异大,无通用最优解。为此,提出MetaRank——一种自动、任务感知的MTE指标选择框架。其采用检索-重排级联结构:先通过相似元训练数据上的表现轻量检索候选指标池;再将每个指标在目标数据集上诱导的源模型排序关系作为特征,利用乘积核回归器结合数据与排序相似性,实现跨指标迁移,优化最终排名。在11个预训练模型、13个候选MTE指标、14个目标数据集上的实验表明,MetaRank显著优于所有基线方法。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Selecting an appropriate pre-trained source model is a critical, yet computationally expensive, task in transfer learning. Model Transferability Estimation (MTE) methods address this by providing efficient proxy metrics to rank models without full fine-tuning. In practice, the choice of which MTE metric to use is often ad hoc or guided simply by a metric's average historical performance. However, we observe that the effectiveness of MTE metrics is highly task-dependent and no single metric is universally optimal across all target datasets. To address this gap, we introduce MetaRank, a meta-learning framework for automatic, task-aware MTE metric selection. MetaRank adopts a retrieve-and-rerank cascade. A lightweight retrieval stage first narrows the metric pool using performance observed on similar meta-training datasets. To address the heterogeneous definitions and scales of MTE scores, the reranking stage represents each retrieved metric through the pairwise source-model ordering it induces on the target dataset. A product-kernel regressor combines dataset and ordering similarities to refine the ranking, enabling cross-metric transfer from historical metrics with similar ordering behavior. MetaRank then ranks the retrieved metrics and selects the most appropriate one to guide source-model selection on an unseen target dataset. Extensive experiments across 11 pre-trained models, 13 candidate MTE metrics, and 14 target datasets demonstrate that MetaRank significantly outperforms all compared baselines.
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