通过多尺度特征融合,实现点云法向估计的自适应邻域选择。
PFF-Net: Patch Feature Fitting for Point Cloud Normal Estimation
- 用多尺度邻域特征融合替代固定邻域,自动适配不同几何结构。
- 在合成与真实数据集上均达到顶尖性能,参数更少、推理更快。
- 适合需要高精度法向估计的三维重建与逆向工程场景。
点云法向估计需构建局部邻域以提供中心-周围上下文,但不同数据或几何形态下最优邻域大小难以确定。现有方法常采用参数密集型策略提取完整特征描述,仍难以高效准确地预测各类点云的法向。本文提出一种新的特征提取思路:利用不同邻域尺度的多尺度特征融合,解决邻域尺寸选择难题。通过构建基于多尺度特征的补丁特征拟合(PFF),逼近最优几何描述,并借助多尺度特征聚合与跨尺度特征补偿实现近似过程。特征聚合模块逐步将各尺度补丁特征聚向中心,通过移除远离中心的点来缩小补丁范围,既捕捉大范围结构特征,又保留细节信息。特征补偿模块保障大尺度早期层特征的复用性,并揭示不同尺度下的关联信息。基于多尺度特征聚合的近似策略使模型具备对可变局部补丁的尺度自适应能力,输出最优特征描述。大量实验表明,本方法在合成与真实数据集上均达到当前最优性能,且网络参数更少、运行时间更短。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Estimating the normal of a point requires constructing a local patch to provide center-surrounding context, but determining the appropriate neighborhood size is difficult when dealing with different data or geometries. Existing methods commonly employ various parameter-heavy strategies to extract a full feature description from the input patch. However, they still have difficulties in accurately and efficiently predicting normals for various point clouds. In this work, we present a new idea of feature extraction for robust normal estimation of point clouds. We use the fusion of multi-scale features from different neighborhood sizes to address the issue of selecting reasonable patch sizes for various data or geometries. We seek to model a patch feature fitting (PFF) based on multi-scale features to approximate the optimal geometric description for normal estimation and implement the approximation process via multi-scale feature aggregation and cross-scale feature compensation. The feature aggregation module progressively aggregates the patch features of different scales to the center of the patch and shrinks the patch size by removing points far from the center. It not only enables the network to precisely capture the structure characteristic in a wide range, but also describes highly detailed geometries. The feature compensation module ensures the reusability of features from earlier layers of large scales and reveals associated information in different patch sizes. Our approximation strategy based on aggregating the features of multiple scales enables the model to achieve scale adaptation of varying local patches and deliver the optimal feature description. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on both synthetic and real-world datasets with fewer network parameters and running time.
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