arXiv:2511.21886cs.ROcs.AI2025-11

让机器人路径规划更贴近现实,减少执行时延。

From Discrete Plans to Real-World Execution: A World-Model-Driven Framework for Execution-Aware Multi-Agent Path Finding

  • 用学习型世界模型预测离散计划在真实机器人的执行状态
  • 新框架使300个机器人仿真延迟降低21%,物理部署节省15.3%时间
  • 适合需高精度协同的仓储、制造等实际场景

多智能体路径规划(MAPF)研究如何协调多个智能体无碰撞地到达目标,是自动化仓储与制造等大规模机器人系统的基础。现有方法可生成数百个智能体的高质量路径规划,但基于离散时空的简化模型在真实环境中常因机器人动力学差异、通信延迟等因素导致执行偏差。本文提出ExecTimeNet,一种学习型世界模型,能将离散动作映射为实际执行状态,包括完成时间和末态运动学状态。基于此,提出REMAP框架,在规划中融入执行时间估计,引导搜索更优解;并提出ESADG,对已有路径方案进行执行调度优化,保持路径可行性。在高达300个智能体的高保真仿真和物理机器人上验证,ExecTimeNet预测准确且可迁移至未见地图与数量。仿真中REMAP较基线延迟减少最高21%,ESADG实现最高40%归一化提升;物理部署中整体执行时间缩短最高15.3%,证明从仿真到现实的有效迁移。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) studies how to coordinate multiple agents to reach their goals without collisions and underpins a range of large-scale robotic systems, including automated warehousing and manufacturing. Recent advances enable MAPF solvers to compute high-quality plans for hundreds of agents. However, these plans are generated using simplified robot models with discretized time and action spaces. When they are deployed in physical systems, heterogeneous robot dynamics, asynchronous interactions, communication delays, and other real-world factors can lead to substantial deviations from planned performance. We bridge the gap between discrete planning and real-world execution through ExecTimeNet, a learned world model of MAPF execution that predicts how a discrete MAPF solution will unfold on physical robots, mapping each discrete action to its realized execution state, including its wall-clock completion time and the kinodynamic state in which it ends. Building on this capability, we first propose REMAP, an execution-aware MAPF framework that integrates execution-time estimation into planning, guiding the search toward MAPF solutions with improved execution performance. We also introduce ESADG, a post-planning optimization procedure that optimizes the execution schedule of a given MAPF solution while preserving path feasibility. We evaluate proposed frameworks in high-fidelity simulation with up to 300 agents and on physical robots. In simulation, ExecTimeNet predicts the execution state accurately and transfers to unseen maps and agent counts. Across simulation benchmarks spanning diverse map topologies, REMAP reduces delays by up to 21% over baselines, while ESADG achieves up to 40% normalized improvement. On physical hardware, the full pipeline reduces total execution time by up to 15.3%, demonstrating effective transfer from simulation to real-world deployment.

路径规划多智能体真实执行世界模型

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。