用仿生结构设计新型形状记忆合金执行器，实现高力、轻量化与节能。
Design, modelling and experimental validation of bipenniform shape memory alloy-based linear actuator integrable with hydraulic stroke amplification mechanism
- 采用双羽状结构结合形状记忆合金，提升单位重量输出力。
- 实测输出257N力，电压15V，重量减轻67%，成本降32%。
- 适合建筑自动化、航天机器人等对轻量高能比要求高的场景。
工业对传统电磁执行器的替代需求日益增长，因其效率低、体积大、结构复杂且成本高。本研究融合仿生双羽状结构与形状记忆合金（SMA）的高功率重量比优势，设计并验证了一种新型生物启发式SMA线性执行器。建立了多层双羽状配置的数学模型，并通过实验验证其性能。研究还引入设计失效模式与影响分析（DFMEA）以降低故障风险。与工业级步进电机驱动执行器对比，该系统在15V输入下产生257N的驱动力，满足操作要求；驱动机构重量减少67%，组件数量减少80%，成本降低32%，能耗减少19%，外形尺寸相近，便于与阻尼器、百叶窗集成部署。该研究提出基于SMA线圈的先进设计，适用于高力-高行程应用场景，可广泛用于建筑自动化、空间机器人轻量化执行系统及医疗假肢等领域。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The increasing industrial demand for alternative actuators over conventional electromagnetism-based systems having limited efficiency, bulky size, complex design due to in-built gear-train mechanisms, and high production and amortization costs necessitates the innovation in new actuator development. Integrating bio-inspired design principles into linear actuators could bring forth the next generation of adaptive and energy efficient smart material-based actuation systems. The present study amalgamates the advantages of bipenniform architecture, which generates high force in the given physiological region and a high power-to-weight ratio of shape memory alloy (SMA), into a novel bio-inspired SMA-based linear actuator. A mathematical model of a multi-layered bipenniform configuration-based SMA actuator was developed and validated experimentally. The current research also caters to the incorporation of failure mitigation strategies using design failure mode and effects analysis along with the experimental assessment of the performance of the developed actuator. The system has been benchmarked against an industry-developed stepper motor-driven actuator. It has shown promising results generating an actuation force of 257 N with 15 V input voltage, meeting the acceptable range for actuation operation. It further exhibits about 67% reduction in the weight of the drive mechanism, with 80% lesser component, 32% cost reduction, and 19% energy savings and similar envelope dimensions for assembly compatibility with dampers and louvers for easy onsite deployment. The study introduces SMA coil-based actuator as an advanced design that can be deployed for high force-high stroke applications. The bio-inspired SMA-based linear actuator has applications ranging from building automation controls to lightweight actuation systems for space robotics and medical prosthesis.
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