arXiv:2512.00036cs.NIcs.AI2025-12

用改进贝叶斯优化实现室内高速精准波束对齐,大幅降低探测开销。

Refined Bayesian Optimization for Efficient Beam Alignment in Intelligent Indoor Wireless Environments

  • 基于高斯过程与马特恩核建模波束增益,动态适应多径干扰。
  • 在43个位置测试中实现97.7%对齐准确率,平均损耗低于0.3 dB。
  • 适合高移动性、遮挡频繁的智能室内无线场景实时应用。

未来智能室内无线环境需在移动和遮挡条件下实现快速可靠的波束对齐以维持高吞吐。全量波束训练虽性能最优,但成本过高。室内环境中密集散射体与收发端硬件缺陷导致多径效应和旁瓣泄漏,使多个角度均有可测功率,削弱了面向室外设计的对齐算法效果。本文提出一种精化贝叶斯优化(R-BO)框架,利用毫米波收发端波束图的固有结构:接收功率随收发波束逐步逼近最优方向而平滑上升。R-BO结合高斯过程(GP)代理模型与马特恩核,采用期望改进(EI)采集函数,并在预测最优值附近进行局部精细化搜索。通过在线重优化GP超参数,适应由反射和旁瓣泄漏引起的测量角功率场不规则变化。在实验室43个接收点的实验表明,仅需10度内完成97.7%的波束对齐准确率,平均损耗低于0.3 dB,探测开销较穷举搜索减少88%。结果验证了R-BO作为实时智能室内无线环境高效自适应波束对齐方案的可行性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Future intelligent indoor wireless environments require fast and reliable beam alignment to sustain high-throughput links under mobility and blockage. Exhaustive beam training achieves optimal performance but is prohibitively costly. In indoor settings, dense scatterers and transceiver hardware imperfections introduce multipath and sidelobe leakage, producing measurable power across multiple angles and reducing the effectiveness of outdoor-oriented alignment algorithms. This paper presents a Refined Bayesian Optimization (R-BO) framework that exploits the inherent structure of mmWave transceiver patterns, where received power gradually increases as the transmit and receive beams converge toward the optimum. R-BO integrates a Gaussian Process (GP) surrogate with a Matern kernel and an Expected Improvement (EI) acquisition function, followed by a localized refinement around the predicted optimum. The GP hyperparameters are re-optimized online to adapt to irregular variations in the measured angular power field caused by reflections and sidelobe leakage. Experiments across 43 receiver positions in an indoor laboratory demonstrate 97.7% beam-alignment accuracy within 10 degrees, less than 0.3 dB average loss, and an 88% reduction in probing overhead compared to exhaustive search. These results establish R-BO as an efficient and adaptive beam-alignment solution for real-time intelligent indoor wireless environments.

波束对齐贝叶斯优化毫米波智能无线

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。