用大模型辅助5G网络切片分配,提升资源利用效率。
Constrained Network Slice Assignment via Large Language Models
- 用大模型零样本直接分配用户到切片,快速生成初步方案。
- 结合优化求解器后,资源利用率与切片隔离性接近传统方法。
- 仅需文本描述即可实现高效分配,适合实际部署场景。
现代网络支持网络切片,将物理基础设施划分为满足不同服务需求(如高带宽或低延迟)的虚拟切片。最优用户切片分配是一个约束优化问题,传统上需要复杂算法。本文探索使用大语言模型(LLMs)解决网络切片的无线资源分配问题。提出两种方法:(1) 在零样本设置下,直接用LLM将用户服务请求分配到切片;(2) 构建整数规划模型,由LLM通过估计请求间的语义相似性提供先验洞察。实验表明,即使采用零样本提示,LLM也能生成合理的初始分配方案,但可能违反容量或延迟约束。随后,将LLM对服务需求的理解融入优化求解器,生成改进的分配结果。结果表明,基于最小文本输入的LLM引导请求分组,在资源利用率和切片隔离性方面达到与依赖详细数值数据的传统方法相当的性能。虽然LLM单独无法完全满足所有约束,但显著缩小搜索空间,结合精确求解器后,为5G网络切片资源分配提供了一种高效可行的新路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Modern networks support network slicing, which partitions physical infrastructure into virtual slices tailored to different service requirements (for example, high bandwidth or low latency). Optimally allocating users to slices is a constrained optimization problem that traditionally requires complex algorithms. In this paper, we explore the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to tackle radio resource allocation for network slicing. We focus on two approaches: (1) using an LLM in a zero-shot setting to directly assign user service requests to slices, and (2) formulating an integer programming model where the LLM provides semantic insight by estimating similarity between requests. Our experiments show that an LLM, even with zero-shot prompting, can produce a reasonable first draft of slice assignments, although it may violate some capacity or latency constraints. We then incorporate the LLM's understanding of service requirements into an optimization solver to generate an improved allocation. The results demonstrate that LLM-guided grouping of requests, based on minimal textual input, achieves performance comparable to traditional methods that use detailed numerical data, in terms of resource utilization and slice isolation. While the LLM alone does not perfectly satisfy all constraints, it significantly reduces the search space and, when combined with exact solvers, provides a promising approach for efficient 5G network slicing resource allocation.
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