提出隐私保护的长期病历生成模型,兼顾数据真实性和合规性。
Privacy-Preserving Generative Modeling and Clinical Validation of Longitudinal Health Records for Chronic Disease
- 改进时间序列生成模型,融入可量化隐私保护机制。
- 私密模型在慢性肾病数据上保持0.778的真实性得分,优于现有方法。
- 临床专家评估显示生成数据媲美真实数据,适合医疗建模使用。
电子病历的普及带来数据隐私挑战,严格法规限制了临床数据用于机器学习模型训练与集成。合成数据提供了一种有前景的替代方案,但现有生成模型在处理时序数据或缺乏正式隐私保障方面表现不足。本文改进前沿时序生成模型,使其更适用于纵向临床数据,并引入可量化的隐私保护机制。基于慢性肾病和重症监护患者的真实数据,通过统计测试、用合成数据训练、真实数据测试(TSTR)设置及临床专家评审进行评估。非私密模型(Augmented TimeGAN)在多个数据集的统计指标上优于基于Transformer和流模型的方法;私密模型(DP-TimeGAN)在慢性肾病数据集上保持0.778的平均真实性,优于当前最优模型,在隐私-效用权衡上表现更优。两类模型在临床医生评估中均达到与真实数据相当的水平,为复杂慢性病建模提供了可靠且不泄露隐私的数据输入。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Data privacy is a critical challenge in modern medical workflows as the adoption of electronic patient records has grown rapidly. Stringent data protection regulations limit access to clinical records for training and integrating machine learning models that have shown promise in improving diagnostic accuracy and personalized care outcomes. Synthetic data offers a promising alternative; however, current generative models either struggle with time-series data or lack formal privacy guaranties. In this paper, we enhance a state-of-the-art time-series generative model to better handle longitudinal clinical data while incorporating quantifiable privacy safeguards. Using real data from chronic kidney disease and ICU patients, we evaluate our method through statistical tests, a Train-on-Synthetic-Test-on-Real (TSTR) setup, and expert clinical review. Our non-private model (Augmented TimeGAN) outperforms transformer- and flow-based models on statistical metrics in several datasets, while our private model (DP-TimeGAN) maintains a mean authenticity of 0.778 on the CKD dataset, outperforming existing state-of-the-art models on the privacy-utility frontier. Both models achieve performance comparable to real data in clinician evaluations, providing robust input data necessary for developing models for complex chronic conditions without compromising data privacy.
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