arXiv:2512.00436cs.CRcs.LG2025-12被引 3

RECTor用AI提升对Tor的流量关联攻击,更准更快且抗干扰。

RECTor: Robust and Efficient Correlation Attack on Tor

  • 用注意力MIL和GRU提取鲁棒流量特征,支持不完整数据
  • 高噪声下准确率比现有方法高60%,训练推理提速超50%
  • 近似最近邻搜索实现近线性扩展,适合大规模攻击

Tor 是广泛使用的匿名网络,通过加密中继路由隐藏用户身份,但仍易受流量关联攻击,即通过入口与出口流量模式匹配来揭露用户。现有方法存在两大缺陷:对噪声和部分观测数据鲁棒性差,以及因计算昂贵的成对匹配导致可扩展性不足。为此,我们提出 RECTor,一种基于机器学习的现实条件下流量关联框架。RECTor 采用基于注意力的多实例学习(MIL)和基于 GRU 的时序编码,从不完整或被混淆的数据中提取稳健的流表示。这些嵌入通过孪生网络映射到共享空间,并利用近似最近邻(aNN)搜索实现高效匹配。实证评估表明,RECTor 在高噪声条件下显著优于 DeepCorr、DeepCOFFEA 和 FlowTracker 等先进基线方法,真阳性率最高提升 60%,训练与推理时间均减少超过 50%。此外,RECTor 展现出强大可扩展性:推理开销随流数量近线性增长。研究揭示了 Tor 匿名模型中的关键漏洞,强调了发展模型感知型防御的必要性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Tor is a widely used anonymity network that conceals user identities by routing traffic through encrypted relays, yet it remains vulnerable to traffic correlation attacks that deanonymize users by matching patterns in ingress and egress traffic. However, existing correlation methods suffer from two major limitations: limited robustness to noise and partial observations, and poor scalability due to computationally expensive pairwise matching. To address these challenges, we propose RECTor, a machine learning-based framework for traffic correlation under realistic conditions. RECTor employs attention-based Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) and GRU-based temporal encoding to extract robust flow representations, even when traffic data is incomplete or obfuscated. These embeddings are mapped into a shared space via a Siamese network and efficiently matched using approximate nearest neighbor (aNN) search. Empirical evaluations show that RECTor outperforms state-of-the-art baselines such as DeepCorr, DeepCOFFEA, and FlowTracker, achieving up to 60% higher true positive rates under high-noise conditions and reducing training and inference time by over 50%. Moreover, RECTor demonstrates strong scalability: inference cost grows near-linearly as the number of flows increases. These findings reveal critical vulnerabilities in Tor's anonymity model and highlight the need for advanced model-aware defenses.

流量分析机器学习匿名网络安全攻防

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