arXiv:2512.01034cs.LGcs.AI2025-12被引 2

用双网络交替切换,让强化学习持续进化不掉分。

AltNet: Addressing the Plasticity-Stability Dilemma in Reinforcement Learning

  • 双网络轮流扮演主动学习者和被动记忆者,交替更新
  • 重置时性能不下降,样本效率提升显著
  • 适合需要稳定表现的安全关键场景

人工神经网络在监督学习中表现优异,但在强化学习中随时间推移会丧失持续学习能力,即出现可塑性衰退。现有方法通过周期性重置参数来恢复可塑性,但会导致性能短暂下降,存在安全隐患。本文提出AltNet,采用一对孪生网络机制:一个网络主动与环境交互并实时学习,另一个网络则离线从经验回放缓冲区中学习;固定周期后,主动网络被重置,先前积累经验的被动网络接替为主动角色。该方法在不造成性能下降的前提下恢复了可塑性,提升了样本效率,并在DeepMind Control Suite的多个高维控制任务中超越多种基线方法及当前最优的重置型技术。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Artificial neural networks have shown remarkable success in supervised learning when trained on a single task using a fixed dataset. However, when neural networks are trained on a reinforcement learning task, their ability to continue learning from new experiences declines over time. This decline in learning ability is known as plasticity loss. To restore plasticity, prior work has explored periodically resetting the parameters of the learning network, a strategy that often improves performance. However, such resets come at the cost of a temporary drop in performance, which can be dangerous in real-world settings. To overcome this instability, we introduce AltNet, a reset-based approach that restores plasticity without performance degradation by leveraging a pair of twin networks. The use of twin networks anchors performance during resets through a mechanism that allows networks to periodically alternate roles: one network learns as it acts in the environment, while the other learns off-policy from the active network's interactions through a replay buffer. At fixed intervals, the active network is reset and the passive network, having learned from prior experience, becomes the new active network. AltNet restores plasticity, improving sample efficiency and achieving higher performance, while avoiding performance drops that pose risks in safety-critical settings. We demonstrate these advantages in several high-dimensional control tasks from the DeepMind Control Suite, where AltNet outperforms various relevant baseline methods, as well as state-of-the-art reset-based techniques.

强化学习双网络可塑性稳定性

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