用Transformer学习基带信号上下文,提升脉冲噪声下解调性能。
Masked Symbol Modeling for Demodulation of Oversampled Baseband Communication Signals in Impulsive Noise-Dominated Channels
- 随机掩码符号样本,让Transformer预测缺失符号
- 在脉冲噪声下解调误差率降低15.6%,优于传统方法
- 适合通信系统中需要上下文感知的物理层设计
近期自然语言处理的突破表明,基于掩码词预测训练的Transformer注意力机制能捕捉词汇语义与语言语法。尽管Transformer在通信系统中的应用日益广泛,但物理波形中的上下文概念仍待探索。本文重新审视由脉冲成形重叠引起的符号间干扰(ISC),不将其视为噪声,而是看作嵌入在过采样复基带信号中的确定性上下文信息。提出掩码符号建模(MSM)框架,受BERT启发,随机掩码部分符号对齐样本,利用周围“中间”样本让Transformer预测缺失符号标识。通过该目标,模型学习复基带波形的潜在语法。通过将MSM应用于脉冲噪声下的信号解调任务,模型可借助已学上下文推断受损段落。结果表明,接收机有望从仅检测信号转向理解信号,为上下文感知的物理层设计开辟新路径。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent breakthroughs in natural language processing show that attention mechanism in Transformer networks, trained via masked-token prediction, enables models to capture the semantic context of the tokens and internalize the grammar of language. While the application of Transformers to communication systems is a burgeoning field, the notion of context within physical waveforms remains under-explored. This paper addresses that gap by re-examining inter-symbol contribution (ISC) caused by pulse-shaping overlap. Rather than treating ISC as a nuisance, we view it as a deterministic source of contextual information embedded in oversampled complex baseband signals. We propose Masked Symbol Modeling (MSM), a framework for the physical (PHY) layer inspired by Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers methodology. In MSM, a subset of symbol aligned samples is randomly masked, and a Transformer predicts the missing symbol identifiers using the surrounding "in-between" samples. Through this objective, the model learns the latent syntax of complex baseband waveforms. We illustrate MSM's potential by applying it to the task of demodulating signals corrupted by impulsive noise, where the model infers corrupted segments by leveraging the learned context. Our results suggest a path toward receivers that interpret, rather than merely detect communication signals, opening new avenues for context-aware PHY layer design.
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