arXiv:2512.02406cs.LG2025-12

用强化学习动态调整路边停车位,显著降低行车拥堵。

Dynamic Configuration of On-Street Parking Spaces using Multi Agent Reinforcement Learning

  • 分层多智能体强化学习,捕捉道路时空关联性。
  • 平均行车时间损失减少47%,步行距离几乎不变。
  • 适合智慧交通、城市规划与自动驾驶研究者。

随着出行需求激增,交通拥堵已成为多数城市的主要问题。路边停车占用道路空间,进一步阻碍交通流。借助车路协同技术,本文探索通过动态配置路边停车位来缓解拥堵。提出基于数据驱动的两层多智能体强化学习框架,可扩展至大规模路网。车道级智能体负责每条车道的最优停车配置,采用融合LSTM与图注意力网络的深度Q学习架构,有效捕捉时空相关性;街区级智能体协调车道级行为,确保街区停车充足。在SUMO平台对墨尔本真实数据和合成数据进行实验,结果表明该框架可使车辆平均行程时间损失降低高达47%,步行至车位距离增加微乎其微。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

With increased travelling needs more than ever, traffic congestion has become a major concern in most urban areas. Allocating spaces for on-street parking, further hinders traffic flow, by limiting the effective road width available for driving. With the advancement of vehicle-to-infrastructure connectivity technologies, we explore how the impact of on-street parking on traffic congestion could be minimized, by dynamically configuring on-street parking spaces. Towards that end, we formulate dynamic on-street parking space configuration as an optimization problem, and we follow a data driven approach, considering the nature of our problem. Our proposed solution comprises a two-layer multi agent reinforcement learning based framework, which is inherently scalable to large road networks. The lane level agents are responsible for deciding the optimal parking space configuration for each lane, and we introduce a novel Deep Q-learning architecture which effectively utilizes long short term memory networks and graph attention networks to capture the spatio-temporal correlations evident in the given problem. The block level agents control the actions of the lane level agents and maintain a sufficient level of parking around the block. We conduct a set of comprehensive experiments using SUMO, on both synthetic data as well as real-world data from the city of Melbourne. Our experiments show that the proposed framework could reduce the average travel time loss of vehicles significantly, reaching upto 47%, with a negligible increase in the walking distance for parking.

强化学习智能交通城市计算

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