通过重构全局注意力机制,实现多视角3D模型的高效推理。
AVGGT: Rethinking Global Attention for Accelerating VGGT
- 将早期全局注意力转为帧内注意力,减少冗余计算。
- 对键值对进行分块采样并保留对角线结构,提升效率。
- 无需训练即可加速2-10倍,适合高密度多视角场景应用。
VGGT和π³等模型在多视角3D任务中表现优异,但其高度依赖全局自注意力导致计算开销大。现有稀疏注意力方法虽有一定提速,却缺乏对全局注意力作用的系统分析。本文深入研究VGGT与π³中的全局注意力模块,发现其在交替架构中具有明确分工:早期层不形成有意义对应,中间层负责跨视角对齐,后期层仅做微调。基于此,提出无训练两步加速方案:(1)将早期全局层转为帧注意力;(2)通过保留对角线结构并使用均值填充的方式,对键值对在块级别进行采样。在VGGT和π³上验证,该方法在不同上下文长度下显著加速——100帧时约2倍,300帧时4–5倍,800帧时8–10倍,同时保持或略微提升原模型精度,在极密集多视角设置下仍优于先前稀疏注意力基线。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Models such as VGGT and $π^3$ have shown strong multi-view 3D performance, but their heavy reliance on global self-attention results in high computational cost. Existing sparse-attention variants offer partial speedups, yet lack a systematic analysis of how global attention contributes to multi-view reasoning. In this paper, we first conduct an in-depth investigation of the global attention modules in VGGT and $π^3$ to better understand their roles. Our analysis reveals a clear division of roles in the alternating global-frame architecture: early global layers do not form meaningful correspondences, middle layers perform cross-view alignment, and last layers provide only minor refinements. Guided by these findings, we propose a training-free two-step acceleration scheme: (1) converting early global layers into frame attention, and (2) subsampling global attention by subsampling K/V over patch tokens with diagonal preservation and a mean-fill component. We instantiate this strategy on VGGT and $π^3$ and evaluate across standard pose and point-map benchmarks. Our method achieves substantial inference acceleration across different context lengths, yielding about $2\times$ speedup at 100 frames, $4$--$5\times$ at 300 frames, and $8$--$10\times$ at 800 frames, while matching or slightly improving the accuracy of the original models and remaining robust in extremely dense multi-view settings where prior sparse-attention baselines fail.
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