研究虚拟声学环境中细节程度对听觉感知的影响，发现减少细节仍可保持真实感。
Perceptual evaluation of Acoustic Level of Detail in Virtual Acoustic Environments
- 通过控制早期反射数量和几何细节，调节声学细节程度（ALOD）
- 大幅降低细节后，感知真实度、语音清晰度和声音定位仍与实测一致
- 关键在于表现扩散的混响，而非精确模拟早期反射
虚拟声学环境可用于创建和模拟真实且生态有效的日常情境，对听力研究和耳科医学至关重要。尤其是混响室内环境尤为重要。然而，实时应用中的房间声学仿真需要简化，目前尚不清楚所需的声学细节程度（ALOD）以保留所有感知相关效果。本研究考察了三种真实环境（带连通厨房的客厅、酒吧、地下车站）中不同ALOD对感知的影响。通过改变早期反射的镜像源数量或移除各环境特有的几何细节来调节ALOD。使用耳机对比真实环境中使用假人头测量的双耳房间冲激响应，或使用扬声器进行感知评估。评估内容包括脉冲信号、电贝斯演奏和语音片段的总体感知差异，以及合理性、语音可懂度和外化感。结果显示，显著降低ALOD仍能保持与假人头录音相当的合理性、语音可懂度和外化感。早期反射的数量与精度影响较小，只要晚期混响适当呈现即可。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Virtual acoustic environments enable the creation and simulation of realistic and eco-logically valid daily-life situations vital for hearing research and audiology. Reverberant indoor environments are particularly important. For real-time applications, room acous-tics simulation requires simplifications, however, the necessary acoustic level of detail (ALOD) remains unclear in order to capture all perceptually relevant effects. This study examines the impact of varying ALOD in simulations of three real environments: a living room with a coupled kitchen, a pub, and an underground station. ALOD was varied by generating different numbers of image sources for early reflections, or by excluding geo-metrical room details specific for each environment. Simulations were perceptually eval-uated using headphones in comparison to binaural room impulse responses measured with a dummy head in the corresponding real environments, or by using loudspeakers. The study assessed the perceived overall difference for a pulse stimulus, a played electric bass and a speech token. Additionally, plausibility, speech intelligibility, and externaliza-tion were evaluated. Results indicate that a strong reduction in ALOD is feasible while maintaining similar plausibility, speech intelligibility, and externalization as with dummy head recordings. The number and accuracy of early reflections appear less relevant, pro-vided diffuse late reverberation is appropriately represented.
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