arXiv:2512.03010cs.CVcs.GR2025-12被引 2

用高斯表面元补全激光雷达点云,解决细小结构遗漏问题。

SurfFill: Completion of LiDAR Point Clouds via Gaussian Surfel Splatting

  • 基于高斯表面元,通过密度变化识别缺失区域并生长新点
  • 在真实与合成场景中补全效果优于现有方法,尤其在边缘和细结构处
  • 适合需要高精度3D重建的自动驾驶、测绘等应用

激光雷达捕获的点云虽在平坦区域精度极高,但对细小几何结构或深色吸光材料易产生漏检。相比之下,多视角摄影测量能捕捉丰富细节,但在无特征区域精度不足。为此,本文提出SurfFill:一种基于高斯表面元的激光雷达点云补全方法。分析发现,激光束发散是导致薄结构与边缘出现伪影的主要原因。据此设计密度变化启发式策略,识别临近缺失区域的点,并在此基础上进行点云生长。通过约束高斯表面元优化与增密过程,仅聚焦于模糊区域,提升补全效率。最终提取模糊区域的高斯原语并采样生成补全点。为应对大规模重建挑战,进一步引入分治方案实现建筑级点云补全。在合成与真实场景上的实验表明,该方法显著优于现有重建技术。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

LiDAR-captured point clouds are often considered the gold standard in active 3D reconstruction. While their accuracy is exceptional in flat regions, the capturing is susceptible to miss small geometric structures and may fail with dark, absorbent materials. Alternatively, capturing multiple photos of the scene and applying 3D photogrammetry can infer these details as they often represent feature-rich regions. However, the accuracy of LiDAR for featureless regions is rarely reached. Therefore, we suggest combining the strengths of LiDAR and camera-based capture by introducing SurfFill: a Gaussian surfel-based LiDAR completion scheme. We analyze LiDAR capturings and attribute LiDAR beam divergence as a main factor for artifacts, manifesting mostly at thin structures and edges. We use this insight to introduce an ambiguity heuristic for completed scans by evaluating the change in density in the point cloud. This allows us to identify points close to missed areas, which we can then use to grow additional points from to complete the scan. For this point growing, we constrain Gaussian surfel reconstruction to focus optimization and densification on these ambiguous areas. Finally, Gaussian primitives of the reconstruction in ambiguous areas are extracted and sampled for points to complete the point cloud. To address the challenges of large-scale reconstruction, we extend this pipeline with a divide-and-conquer scheme for building-sized point cloud completion. We evaluate on the task of LiDAR point cloud completion of synthetic and real-world scenes and find that our method outperforms previous reconstruction methods.

点云补全激光雷达高斯表面元

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