arXiv:2512.03020cs.CV2025-12

让磁共振成像重建更稳定,通过流动对齐提升迭代效果

FLAT: FLow-Aligned Training of Unrolled Networks for MRI Reconstruction

  • 将网络迭代过程视为概率流离散化,用流动匹配理论指导训练
  • 在三个数据集上实现更稳定的中间结果,最终重建质量显著提升
  • 适合做医学影像重建的算法研究者和工程师参考

未展开网络广泛用于磁共振成像(MRI)重建,因其高效性。这类网络由一系列神经网络阶段(或级联)构成,从低质量输入开始,逐级迭代优化重建结果。然而,未展开网络通常在级联间表现出输出质量不稳定,导致最终重建效果不佳。本文针对这一固有缺陷,借鉴近期的流动匹配(Flow Matching)范式,首次从理论上证明未展开网络可视为近似条件概率流的离散化形式。该发现揭示了未展开网络与流动匹配在MRI重建中的类比关系。基于此,我们提出流动对齐训练(FLAT),(1)从流动匹配的离散化中推导出关键级联参数;(2)将中间重建结果对齐理想流动匹配轨迹,以提升级联迭代的稳定性与收敛性。在三个MRI数据集上的实验表明,FLAT实现了各子网络间稳定的演化轨迹,显著提升了最终重建质量。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Unrolled networks are widely used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) reconstruction for their efficiency. Structured as a series of neural network stages (or cascades), an unrolled network takes a low-quality input and passes it sequentially through each stage to iteratively refine the reconstruction. However, unrolled networks typically exhibit unstable output quality across cascades, resulting in sub-optimal final reconstruction results. In this work, we address this inherent limitation of unrolled networks, drawing inspiration from recent Flow Matching paradigm. We first theoretically show that unrolled networks can be viewed as discretizations of approximate conditional probability flows. This connection shows that unrolled networks and Flow Matching are analogous in MRI reconstruction. Building upon this insight, we propose FLow-Aligned Training (FLAT), which (1) derives important cascade parameters from the Flow Matching discretization; and (2) aligns intermediate reconstructions with the ideal Flow Matching trajectory to improve cascade iteration stability and convergence. Experiments on three MRI datasets show that FLAT results in a stable trajectory across sub-networks, improving the quality of the final reconstruction.

MRI重建流动匹配未展开网络图像优化

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