用众包数据构建高精度地图,数据越多越准。
CSMapping: Scalable Crowdsourced Semantic Mapping and Topology Inference for Autonomous Driving
- 用隐空间扩散模型学地图结构先验,抗传感器噪声。
- 在nuScenes等数据集上达到顶尖语义与拓扑地图性能。
- 适合自动驾驶地图构建团队快速提升质量。
众包数据可实现自动驾驶地图的规模化构建,但低成本传感器噪声会限制地图质量随数据量增长。本文提出CSMapping系统,能生成高质量的语义地图与拓扑道路中心线,且质量随众包数据增加而持续提升。语义映射方面,基于高精地图(可选结合标准地图)训练隐空间扩散模型,学习真实世界地图结构的生成先验,无需成对的众包/高精地图标注。该先验通过隐空间约束的极大后验优化引入,确保对严重噪声的鲁棒性及未观测区域的合理补全。初始化采用鲁棒向量化映射模块,结合扩散反演;优化使用高效的高斯基重参数化、投影梯度下降、多起点策略及隐空间因子图以保证全局一致性。拓扑映射方面,采用置信度加权k-medoids聚类与运动学优化轨迹,生成平滑、类人般的中心线,对轨迹变化具有强鲁棒性。在nuScenes、Argoverse 2及大规模私有数据集上的实验表明,系统在语义与拓扑映射上均达当前最优性能,并完成详尽消融与可扩展性分析。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Crowdsourcing enables scalable autonomous driving map construction, but low-cost sensor noise hinders quality from improving with data volume. We propose CSMapping, a system that produces accurate semantic maps and topological road centerlines whose quality consistently increases with more crowdsourced data. For semantic mapping, we train a latent diffusion model on HD maps (optionally conditioned on SD maps) to learn a generative prior of real-world map structure, without requiring paired crowdsourced/HD-map supervision. This prior is incorporated via constrained MAP optimization in latent space, ensuring robustness to severe noise and plausible completion in unobserved areas. Initialization uses a robust vectorized mapping module followed by diffusion inversion; optimization employs efficient Gaussian-basis reparameterization, projected gradient descent zobracket multi-start, and latent-space factor-graph for global consistency. For topological mapping, we apply confidence-weighted k-medoids clustering and kinematic refinement to trajectories, yielding smooth, human-like centerlines robust to trajectory variation. Experiments on nuScenes, Argoverse 2, and a large proprietary dataset achieve state-of-the-art semantic and topological mapping performance, with thorough ablation and scalability studies.
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