arXiv:2512.04100eess.SPcs.AI2025-12被引 1

用物理约束神经网络,精准重建多发射机环境下的无线信号图谱。

ReVeal-MT: A Physics-Informed Neural Network for Multi-Transmitter Radio Environment Mapping

  • 基于多源物理方程构建神经网络损失函数,融合信号传播规律。
  • 仅需45个采样点,370平方公里区域的信号重建误差低至2.66dB。
  • 适合需要高精度频谱管理的无线通信系统设计与部署。

准确映射无线环境(如特定频段和地理位置的信号强度)对于高效频谱共享至关重要,使次级用户能在不干扰主用户的情况下利用空闲频段。现有模型在多发射机共存时性能下降,因阴影效应和邻近发射机干扰叠加。为此,本文将先前针对单发射机的物理信息神经网络(PINNs)扩展至多发射机场景,推导出新的接收信号强度指示器(RSSI)多源偏微分方程(PDE)形式。提出新模型 ReVeal-MT(多发射机频谱景观重构与可视化器),将多源PDE残差融入神经网络损失函数,实现从稀疏射频传感器测量中高精度重建频谱图景。该模型在阿拉无线生活实验室的真实数据上验证,覆盖乡村与郊区环境,对比3GPP、ITU-R信道模型及单发射机基线PINN。结果表明,ReVeal-MT在多发射机场景下显著提升精度,仅需45个样本即可在370平方公里区域达到2.66 dB的均方根误差,且计算开销低。研究证明其在真实多发射机环境下大幅推进了无线环境映射技术,具备实现精细化频谱管理和主/次用户精确共存的潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Accurately mapping the radio environment (e.g., identifying wireless signal strength at specific frequency bands and geographic locations) is crucial for efficient spectrum sharing, enabling Secondary Users~(SUs) to access underutilized spectrum bands while protecting Primary Users~(PUs). While existing models have made progress, they often degrade in performance when multiple transmitters coexist, due to the compounded effects of shadowing, interference from adjacent transmitters. To address this challenge, we extend our prior work on Physics-Informed Neural Networks~(PINNs) for single-transmitter mapping to derive a new multi-transmitter Partial Differential Equation~(PDE) formulation of the Received Signal Strength Indicator~(RSSI). We then propose \emph{ReVeal-MT} (Re-constructor and Visualizer of Spectrum Landscape for Multiple Transmitters), a novel PINN which integrates the multi-source PDE residual into a neural network loss function, enabling accurate spectrum landscape reconstruction from sparse RF sensor measurements. ReVeal-MT is validated using real-world measurements from the ARA wireless living lab across rural and suburban environments, and benchmarked against 3GPP and ITU-R channel models and a baseline PINN model for a single transmitter use-case. Results show that ReVeal-MT achieves substantial accuracy gains in multi-transmitter scenarios, e.g., achieving an RMSE of only 2.66\,dB with as few as 45 samples over a 370-square-kilometer region, while maintaining low computational complexity. These findings demonstrate that ReVeal-MT significantly advances radio environment mapping under realistic multi-transmitter conditions, with strong potential for enabling fine-grained spectrum management and precise coexistence between PUs and SUs.

无线环境映射神经网络频谱管理

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