解析生成式AI的伦理困境：从拟人体验到责任归属
The Ethics of Generative AI
- 通过技术机制揭示生成式AI如何让人误以为机器具有人性
- 指出其加剧或缓解责任、隐私、偏见等传统AI伦理问题
- 聚焦模仿生成特性引发的版权、人机关系与操控新挑战
本章探讨生成式AI的伦理问题。首先提供技术基础，说明生成式AI如何使技术体验呈现出类人特征，这一特性为哲学层面的伦理分析提供了焦点。接着，分析生成式AI如何既加剧又缓解人工智能伦理中的常见关切，包括责任归属、隐私保护、偏见与公平性，以及异化和剥削等问题。最后，深入探讨生成式AI特有的模仿生成性所引发的伦理议题，如作者权与署名之争、人与机器之间看似真实的社交关系，以及新型影响力、说服力与操纵形式。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This chapter discusses the ethics of generative AI. It provides a technical primer to show how generative AI affords experiencing technology as if it were human, and this affordance provides a fruitful focus for the philosophical ethics of generative AI. It then shows how generative AI can both aggravate and alleviate familiar ethical concerns in AI ethics, including responsibility, privacy, bias and fairness, and forms of alienation and exploitation. Finally, the chapter examines ethical questions that arise specifically from generative AI's mimetic generativity, such as debates about authorship and credit, the emergence of as-if social relationships with machines, and new forms of influence, persuasion, and manipulation.
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