arXiv:2512.04668cs.CRcs.AI2025-12ACL被引 9

研究多智能体大模型中图结构如何影响隐私泄露,发现连接越密越易泄密。

Topology Matters: Measuring Memory Leakage in Multi-Agent LLMs

论文配图:Topology Matters: Measuring Memory Leakage in Multi-Agent LLMs
图 1 · 摘自论文原文
  • 设计新评估框架MAMA,通过两阶段测试量化不同拓扑下的记忆泄露
  • 密度高、距离近、中心度高的节点泄露更严重,早期泄漏最明显且快速饱和
  • 适合关注多智能体系统隐私安全的研究者和系统设计者参考

图拓扑是多智能体大模型中记忆泄露的根本决定因素,但其影响尚缺乏量化分析。本文提出MAMA(Multi-Agent Memory Attack)评估框架,用于对比不同拓扑条件下的记忆泄露。该框架基于含标注个人身份信息(PII)的合成文档生成去敏任务指令,采用两阶段协议:第一阶段(Engram)将私密信息注入目标智能体记忆;第二阶段(Resonance)为多轮交互,攻击者尝试提取信息。在10轮测试中,使用双阶段恢复标准(精确匹配与大模型推理结合)衡量泄露程度。评估六种典型拓扑(完全图、环形、链式、树状、星型、星环型),覆盖n∈{4,5,6}规模、攻击者-目标位置组合及基础模型。结果一致显示:连接越密集、攻击者与目标距离越短、目标中心度越高,泄露越严重;大部分泄露发生在早期轮次并趋于稳定;模型选择仅改变绝对泄露率,不改变整体结构趋势;时空属性比身份凭证或受监管标识更容易泄露。据此提出系统设计建议:优先采用稀疏或分层连接,最大化攻击者与目标间距,并通过拓扑感知访问控制限制枢纽路径。代码已开源:https://github.com/llll121/mama-eval。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Graph topology is a fundamental determinant of memory leakage in multi-agent LLM systems, yet its effects remain poorly quantified. We introduce MAMA (Multi-Agent Memory Attack), a controlled evaluation framework for comparing topology-conditioned memory leakage in multi-agent LLM systems. MAMA operates on synthetic documents containing labeled Personally Identifiable Information (PII) entities, from which we generate sanitized task instructions. We execute a two-phase protocol: Engram (seeding private information into a target agent's memory) and Resonance (multi-round interaction where an attacker attempts extraction). Over 10 rounds, we measure leakage using a two-stage recovery criterion that combines exact-match extraction with LLM-based inference over the attacker's final output. We evaluate six canonical topologies (complete, circle, chain, tree, star, star-ring) across $n\in\{4,5,6\}$, attacker-target placements, and base models. Results are consistent: denser connectivity, shorter attacker-target distance, and higher target centrality increase leakage; most leakage occurs in early rounds and then plateaus; model choice shifts absolute rates but preserves broad structural trends; spatiotemporal/location attributes leak more readily than identity credentials or regulated identifiers. We distill practical guidance for system design: favor sparse or hierarchical connectivity, maximize attacker-target separation, and restrict hub/shortcut pathways via topology-aware access control. Our code is available at https://github.com/llll121/mama-eval.

多智能体隐私安全图神经网络记忆泄露

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。