arXiv:2512.04694cs.LGcs.AI2025-12

用深度生成模型直接模拟特定站点强震波形,无需微调即可跨区域适用。

TimesNet-Gen: Deep Learning-based Site Specific Strong Motion Generation

  • 基于狄利克雷分布的潜空间重采样,直接实现站点特异性生成
  • 在无微调下成功生成NGA-West2真实记录,峰值加速度与场地频率匹配良好
  • 适合地震风险评估、地质建模等需高精度震源模拟的研究者使用

有效的地震风险减缓依赖于准确的站点特异性评估,这需要能够表征局部场地条件对地震动特征影响的模型。本文提出TimesNet-Gen,一种基于时域加速度计数据的深度生成框架,通过站点受限的狄利克雷分布潜空间重采样策略,直接实现站点特异性生成,无需显式条件输入或降维。该模型在AFAD数据集上通过自监督学习预训练,冻结后在未见区域仍能有效生成NGA-West2站点级记录,无需微调。性能通过生成记录与真实记录在对数HVSR空间的分布对比,以及峰值地面加速度与场地基频的联合分析进行评估。作为基线,构建了基于频谱图的条件变分自编码器(CVAE)用于站点特异性潜空间建模。结果表明,生成记录在站间具有一致性,跨区域合成效果良好,且与基线相比表现出更优的物理一致性,即频率成分与峰值振幅之间的耦合关系得到保持。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Effective earthquake risk reduction relies on accurate site-specific evaluations, which require models capable of representing the influence of local site conditions on ground motion characteristics. We address strong ground motion generation from time-domain accelerometer records and introduce the TimesNet-Gen, a deep generative framework. In this framework, site-specific generation is directly achieved through a station-restricted, Dirichlet-based latent space resampling strategy, without relying on explicit conditioning inputs or dimensionality reduction. Pre-trained on the AFAD dataset via self-supervised learning, the frozen model demonstrates robust cross-regional generalization by successfully generating station-specific NGA-West2 records without any fine-tuning. Model performance is evaluated by comparing the distributions of generated and real records in the log-HVSR space, alongside the joint analysis of peak ground acceleration and fundamental site frequency. As a baseline, we construct a spectrogram-based conditional variational autoencoder (CVAE) explicitly formulated for station-specific latent space modeling. The results show strong station-wise alignment, consistent cross-regional ground motion synthesis, and a favorable comparison with a spectrogram-based conditional variational autoencoder baseline, demonstrating that the model empirically maintains the essential physical coupling between frequency content and peak amplitude. Our codes are available via https://github.com/brsylmz23/TimesNet-Gen.

地震模拟生成模型深度学习强震波形

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