arXiv:2512.04832cs.CVcs.GR2025-12

用BIM原生标记法实现约束感知的房间布局生成,效果优于现有方法。

BIM-Native Tokenization for Constraint-Aware Room Layout Synthesis

  • 将房间建模为带属性的稀疏矩阵序列,支持多类型数据统一编码
  • 在相同数据集上,布局生成准确率超越ATISS和BLT基线模型
  • 适合建筑信息建模领域需要空间约束的智能设计场景

我们提出一种面向建筑信息模型(BIM)场景的房间级布局合成的BIM原生标记方法。核心贡献在于表示层面:将每个房间编码为一系列BIM-Token Bundles,以稀疏属性-特征矩阵的列形式表达,统一了墙体、洞口及实体的分类与连续属性,并采用墙参考坐标系(平移/缩放不变)。通过混合类型嵌入模块生成统一的令牌向量,使用单一Transformer骨干网络在两种模式下训练:仅编码器用于房间嵌入与检索,编码器-解码器用于自回归实体定位,称为数据驱动实体预测(DDEP)。在共享本体与评估框架的控制性同数据基准测试中,DDEP性能超越桥接至本表示的ATISS与BLT基线,消融实验表明联合连续特征嵌入与实体排序是主要提升因素。编码器嵌入按房间类型聚类更紧密,而大型通用文本编码器在同类内排序仍具优势。本文认为,经过精心设计的BIM标记与适度规模的领域专用序列模型,是约束感知空间生成的有效基础组件,可与通用大模型互补。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We present a BIM-native tokenization for room-level layout synthesis in Building Information Modeling (BIM) scenes. The core contribution is representational: we encode each room as a sequence of BIM-Token Bundles, realized as columns of a sparse attribute-feature matrix that unifies categorical and continuous attributes of walls, openings, and entities under wall-referenced (translation/scale-invariant) coordinates. A mixed-type embedding module produces a unified token vector from this matrix; a single Transformer backbone is then trained in two modes: encoder-only for room embeddings and retrieval, and encoder-decoder for autoregressive entity placement, which we call Data-Driven Entity Prediction (DDEP). On a controlled same-data benchmark with shared ontology and evaluation harness, DDEP outperforms ATISS and BLT baselines bridged into our representation, with ablations identifying joint continuous-feature embedding and entity ordering as primary drivers. Encoder embeddings cluster rooms by type more tightly than large general-purpose text encoders, which in turn retain an edge on within-type ranking. We frame this work as evidence that modestly sized, domain-specific sequence models over well-designed BIM tokenizations are a useful primitive for constraint-aware spatial generation, complementary to general-purpose LLMs/VLMs which we also benchmark.

BIM建模布局生成序列模型

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