arXiv:2512.05089cs.LGmath.OC2025-12

物理过程的信号在函数空间中聚集于低变异性区域,支持从少量样本快速泛化。

The Blueprints of Intelligence: A Functional-Topological Foundation for Perception and Representation

  • 构建确定性函数拓扑框架,将物理过程的可实现态视为巴拿赫空间中的紧致子集。
  • 五个真实场景中,感知流形的实证半径与内部豪斯多夫稳定性在少量样本后即饱和。
  • 适用于理解感知与表征机制,适合对物理系统建模和通用表征研究者参考。

现实现象不会产生任意变异:其信号集中在函数空间的紧凑、低变异性子集中,从而实现从少数样本的快速泛化。本文通过确定性函数拓扑框架形式化该原理,指出物理过程产生的有效实现集合构成巴拿赫空间中的紧致子集,具备稳定不变量、有限经验半径及诱导的连续感知函数。该几何结构为变异性施加结构约束,给出可辨识条件,并支撑稀疏证据下的泛化能力。我们发展该框架并验证其在五个真实领域中的适用性:电气机械铁路道岔机、电化学电池放电、生理心电图信号、大气太阳辐照度及地球物理潮汐周期。在有对应确定性模拟器时,还对比了真实数据与模拟数据。结果表明,各信号家族的经验半径与内部豪斯多夫稳定性在极少数样本后即达到饱和,说明可接受信号族占据函数空间中紧凑且低变异性的区域。这表明紧凑感知流形是物理过程与学习表征的有用组织原则,支持确定性函数拓扑作为理解感知与表征的有力框架。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Real-world phenomena do not generate arbitrary variability: their signals concentrate on compact, low-variability subsets of functional space, enabling rapid generalisation from few examples. We formalise this principle through a deterministic functional-topological framework in which the set of valid realisations produced by a physical process forms a compact subset of a Banach space, endowed with stable invariants, a finite empirical radius, and an induced continuous perceptual functional. This geometry provides structural constraints on variability, conditions for identifiability, and support for generalisation from sparse evidence. We develop this framework and examine its empirical relevance across five real-world domains: electromechanical railway point machines, electrochemical battery discharge, physiological ECG signals, atmospheric solar irradiance, and geophysical tidal cycles. Where available, we also compare real data with corresponding deterministic simulators. Across these domains, the empirical radius and internal Hausdorff stability of the perceptual manifold saturate after surprisingly few samples, indicating that admissible signal families occupy compact, low-variability regions of function space. These results suggest that compact perceptual manifolds provide a useful organising principle for both physical processes and learned representations, and support deterministic functional topology as a promising framework for understanding perception and representation.

感知表征函数拓扑物理建模

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