arXiv:2512.05268cs.CV2025-12

针对传感器噪声相关性问题,提出无需训练的图像修复方法CARD

CARD: Correlation Aware Restoration with Diffusion

  • 通过白化处理将相关噪声转为独立同分布噪声
  • 在标准数据集和真实噪声数据集上均超越现有方法
  • 适合需要处理真实传感器噪声的图像修复场景

去噪扩散模型通过建模逐步去噪过程,在图像修复任务中达到顶尖性能。然而,大多数方法假设噪声为独立同分布(i.i.d.)高斯噪声,而真实传感器由于读出机制常产生空间相关噪声,限制了实际应用效果。本文提出一种无需训练的扩展方法——基于扩散的相关性感知修复(CARD),可显式处理相关高斯噪声。CARD首先对含噪图像进行白化处理,将噪声转换为i.i.d.形式;随后用白化后的更新步骤替代原扩散恢复流程,既保留了DDRM的闭式采样效率,又能处理相关噪声。为强调相关噪声的重要性,我们构建了CIN-D数据集,该数据集在多种光照条件下采集了真实滚动快门传感器噪声,填补了真实相关噪声评估的空白。在包含合成相关噪声的标准基准及CIN-D上的实验表明,CARD在去噪、去模糊和超分辨率任务中持续优于现有方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Denoising diffusion models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in image restoration by modeling the process as sequential denoising steps. However, most approaches assume independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Gaussian noise, while real-world sensors often exhibit spatially correlated noise due to readout mechanisms, limiting their practical effectiveness. We introduce Correlation Aware Restoration with Diffusion (CARD), a training-free extension of DDRM that explicitly handles correlated Gaussian noise. CARD first whitens the noisy observation, which converts the noise into an i.i.d. form. Then, the diffusion restoration steps are replaced with noise-whitened updates, which inherits DDRM's closed-form sampling efficiency while now being able to handle correlated noise. To emphasize the importance of addressing correlated noise, we contribute CIN-D, a novel correlated noise dataset captured across diverse illumination conditions to evaluate restoration methods on real rolling-shutter sensor noise. This dataset fills a critical gap in the literature for experimental evaluation with real-world correlated noise. Experiments on standard benchmarks with synthetic correlated noise and on CIN-D demonstrate that CARD consistently outperforms existing methods across denoising, deblurring, and super-resolution tasks.

图像修复扩散模型噪声建模真实噪声

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