用AI生成未来自我形象,帮助人们更全面地做人生决策。
Simulating Life Paths with Digital Twins: AI-Generated Future Selves Influence Decision-Making and Expand Human Choice
- 通过年龄变化、语音克隆和对话模拟,生成30年后个性化虚拟自我。
- 引入新选项后,参与者采纳率提升,说明能拓展未察觉的选择路径。
- 重视理性思考与意义建构,而非情绪或视觉冲击,适合做重大人生选择者。
重大人生转折需要高风险决策,但人们常难以想象未来自我的生活状态。为此,我们提出一种基于AI的数字孪生系统,其虚拟自我已‘经历’过多种人生情境。这些模拟不预测最优结果,而是让替代未来变得足够具体,以支持决策考量而不预设最佳路径。在一项随机对照实验中(N=192),采用多模态合成技术——面部年龄推演、语音克隆与大语言模型对话,生成参与者30年后的个性化化身。18至28岁年轻人需面对二元抉择,被分配至引导想象或四种化身条件:单一选项、平衡双选项,以及包含系统生成新选项的三选项。结果显示:单向呈现使倾向性增强;平衡呈现促使双向转移;引入新选项显著提高采纳率,表明AI可揭示被忽略的选择路径。参与者更看重评价性推理与幸福意义建构,而非情绪或视觉生动性。感知说服力与基线自主性预测了决策变化。研究深化了对AI辅助未来想象的理解,并引发关于人工智能增强决策中自主性的思考。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Major life transitions demand high-stakes decisions, yet people often struggle to imagine how their future selves will live with the consequences. To support this limited capacity for mental time travel, we introduce AI-enabled digital twins that have ``lived through'' simulated life scenarios. Rather than predicting optimal outcomes, these simulations extend prospective cognition by making alternative futures vivid enough to support deliberation without assuming which path is best. We evaluate this idea in a randomized controlled study (N=192) using multimodal synthesis - facial age progression, voice cloning, and large language model dialogue - to create personalized avatars representing participants 30 years forward. Young adults 18 to 28 years old described pending binary decisions and were assigned to guided imagination or one of four avatar conditions: single-option, balanced dual-option, or expanded three-option with a system-generated novel alternative. Results showed asymmetric effects: single-sided avatars increased shifts toward the presented option, while balanced presentation produced movement toward both. Introducing a system-generated third option increased adoption of this new alternative compared to control, suggesting that AI-generated future selves can expand choice by surfacing paths that might otherwise go unnoticed. Participants rated evaluative reasoning and eudaimonic meaning-making as more important than emotional or visual vividness. Perceived persuasiveness and baseline agency predicted decision change. These findings advance understanding of AI-mediated episodic prospection and raise questions about autonomy in AI-augmented decisions.
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