arXiv:2512.05576cs.AI2025-12被引 1

不训练模型,用分层架构让医学推理更准更可信。

CureAgent: A Training-Free Executor-Analyst Framework for Clinical Reasoning

  • 拆分执行与分析模块,用专家模型和长文本模型协同工作。
  • 在CURE-Bench上达最优表现,且超过12k上下文反而降低准确率。
  • 适合追求高效、可解释医疗AI的开发者和研究者使用。

当前基于小型大语言模型的临床智能体(如TxAgent)存在‘上下文利用失败’问题:虽能通过监督微调检索生物医学证据,却无法将诊断建立在这些信息之上。本文提出执行-分析框架(Executor-Analyst Framework),将工具执行的语法精确性与临床推理的语义鲁棒性解耦。通过调度专用的TxAgent(执行器)与长上下文基础模型(分析师),缓解单体模型的推理缺陷。进一步证明,分层集成策略显著优于全局聚合,有效缓解证据多样性损失。压力测试揭示关键规律:(1)存在‘上下文-性能悖论’,当推理上下文超过12k token时引入噪声导致准确率下降;(2)动作空间的‘维度灾难’显现,扩展工具集需层级检索策略。核心在于无需端到端微调即可达到当前最佳性能,为下一代可信医疗人工智能提供可扩展、敏捷的架构基础。代码已开源于https://github.com/June01/CureAgent。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Current clinical agent built on small LLMs, such as TxAgent suffer from a \textit{Context Utilization Failure}, where models successfully retrieve biomedical evidence due to supervised finetuning but fail to ground their diagnosis in that information. In this work, we propose the Executor-Analyst Framework, a modular architecture that decouples the syntactic precision of tool execution from the semantic robustness of clinical reasoning. By orchestrating specialized TxAgents (Executors) with long-context foundation models (Analysts), we mitigate the reasoning deficits observed in monolithic models. Beyond simple modularity, we demonstrate that a Stratified Ensemble strategy significantly outperforms global pooling by preserving evidentiary diversity, effectively addressing the information bottleneck. Furthermore, our stress tests reveal critical scaling insights: (1) a \textit{Context-Performance Paradox}, where extending reasoning contexts beyond 12k tokens introduces noise that degrades accuracy; and (2) the \textit{Curse of Dimensionality} in action spaces, where expanding toolsets necessitates hierarchical retrieval strategies. Crucially, our approach underscores the potential of training-free architectural engineering, achieving state-of-the-art performance on CURE-Bench without the need for expensive end-to-end finetuning. This provides a scalable, agile foundation for the next generation of trustworthy AI-driven therapeutics. Code has been released on https://github.com/June01/CureAgent.

医疗AI推理框架零训练

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