Big Tech资助的论文影响力更高，但更封闭且偏爱近期文献。
Big Tech-Funded AI Papers Have Higher Citation Impact, Greater Insularity, and Larger Recency Bias
- 分析49.8万篇顶会论文，量化产业资助比例与引用影响。
- 2018-2022年，产业资助论文高被引率（12%）显著高于非资助论文（2%）。
- 产业研究日趋封闭，倾向引用同类论文，且更关注近3年成果。
过去四十年，人工智能研究在学术界与产业界交汇中蓬勃发展。然而，大型科技公司日益掌握计算资源、大数据和人才优势。目前尚不清楚产业资助论文的数量、其引用影响力如何，以及产业兴趣驱动因素。本研究通过量化10大顶级AI会议（如ICLR、CVPR、AAAI、ACL）中产业资助论文数量及其引用影响，填补了这一空白。我们分析了约49.8万篇论文，约180万条AI论文间引用，以及约230万条其他论文对AI论文的引用，时间跨度为1998–2022年（来自Scopus）。通过七个研究问题，考察了产业资助的规模与演变、资助论文的引用影响、引用多样性与时序范围，以及产业主导的子领域。结果表明，自2015年起产业参与度显著上升，从不足2%增至2020年的11%以上。2018–2022年间，12%的产业资助论文达到高被引水平（以h5指数衡量），远高于非资助论文的2%。通过新提出的引用偏好比（CPR）指标，发现顶会更青睐产业资助论文。此外，产业资助研究呈现更强内向性，更频繁引用其他产业资助论文，而较少引用非资助论文。这些发现揭示了人工智能研究资助的新趋势：产业资助论文占比上升、引用影响力增强、内部封闭性加剧，且更偏好引用近期工作。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Over the past four decades, artificial intelligence (AI) research has flourished at the nexus of academia and industry. However, Big Tech companies have increasingly acquired the edge in computational resources, big data, and talent. So far, it has been largely unclear how many papers the industry funds, how their citation impact compares to non-funded papers, and what drives industry interest. This study fills that gap by quantifying the number of industry-funded papers at 10 top AI conferences (e.g., ICLR, CVPR, AAAI, ACL) and their citation influence. We analyze about 49.8K papers, about 1.8M citations from AI papers to other papers, and about 2.3M citations from other papers to AI papers from 1998-2022 in Scopus. Through seven research questions, we examine the volume and evolution of industry funding in AI research, the citation impact of funded papers, the diversity and temporal range of their citations, and the subfields in which industry predominantly acts. Our findings reveal that industry presence has grown markedly since 2015, from less than 2 percent to more than 11 percent in 2020. Between 2018 and 2022, 12 percent of industry-funded papers achieved high citation rates as measured by the h5-index, compared to 4 percent of non-industry-funded papers and 2 percent of non-funded papers. Top AI conferences engage more with industry-funded research than non-funded research, as measured by our newly proposed metric, the Citation Preference Ratio (CPR). We show that industry-funded research is increasingly insular, citing predominantly other industry-funded papers while referencing fewer non-funded papers. These findings reveal new trends in AI research funding, including a shift towards more industry-funded papers and their growing citation impact, greater insularity of industry-funded work than non-funded work, and a preference of industry-funded research to cite recent work.
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