arXiv:2512.06112cs.ROcs.AI2025-12被引 15

用离散流匹配实现并行分阶段轨迹规划,提升自动驾驶效率与精度。

WAM-Flow: Parallel Coarse-to-Fine Motion Planning via Discrete Flow Matching for Autonomous Driving

  • 将轨迹规划建模为结构化符号空间的离散流匹配,支持并行双向去噪。
  • 1步推理达89.1 PDMS,5步推理达90.3 PDMS,超越自回归与扩散模型基线。
  • 适合追求高效高精度端到端自动驾驶系统的研究者与工程师。

我们提出WAM-Flow,一种将自车轨迹规划建模为结构化符号空间上离散流匹配的视觉-语言-动作(VLA)模型。不同于自回归解码器,WAM-Flow采用完全并行的双向去噪,实现粗到精的渐进优化,并可调节计算与精度的权衡。方法结合度量对齐的数值分词器(通过三元组边际学习保持标量几何),几何感知的流目标函数,以及模拟器引导的GRPO对齐机制,在保留并行生成的同时整合安全、自车进展与舒适性奖励。多阶段适配将预训练的自回归主干(Janus-1.5B)转化为非因果流模型,并通过持续多模态预训练增强道路场景理解能力。得益于一致性模型训练和并行推理的优势,WAM-Flow在闭环测试中表现优于自回归与扩散基线模型,在NAV SIM v1基准上实现1步推理89.1 PDMS,5步推理90.3 PDMS。这些结果确立了离散流匹配作为端到端自动驾驶的新范式。代码即将开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We introduce WAM-Flow, a vision-language-action (VLA) model that casts ego-trajectory planning as discrete flow matching over a structured token space. In contrast to autoregressive decoders, WAM-Flow performs fully parallel, bidirectional denoising, enabling coarse-to-fine refinement with a tunable compute-accuracy trade-off. Specifically, the approach combines a metric-aligned numerical tokenizer that preserves scalar geometry via triplet-margin learning, a geometry-aware flow objective and a simulator-guided GRPO alignment that integrates safety, ego progress, and comfort rewards while retaining parallel generation. A multi-stage adaptation converts a pre-trained auto-regressive backbone (Janus-1.5B) from causal decoding to non-causal flow model and strengthens road-scene competence through continued multimodal pretraining. Thanks to the inherent nature of consistency model training and parallel decoding inference, WAM-Flow achieves superior closed-loop performance against autoregressive and diffusion-based VLA baselines, with 1-step inference attaining 89.1 PDMS and 5-step inference reaching 90.3 PDMS on NAVSIM v1 benchmark. These results establish discrete flow matching as a new promising paradigm for end-to-end autonomous driving. The code will be publicly available soon.

自动驾驶轨迹规划流匹配并行推理

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