改进多目标跟踪算法,使其能在GPU上高效并行运行。
GPU-GLMB: Assessing the Scalability of GPU-Accelerated Multi-Hypothesis Tracking
- 提出改进的GLMB滤波器,支持单个目标多个检测
- 打破检测间依赖,使计算可高度并行化
- 适合大规模多目标跟踪,尤其适用于分布式传感器网络
近年来,多目标跟踪研究多聚焦于基于随机有限集的多假设方法。其中,带标签的随机有限集方法能保持目标的时序标签一致性。尽管这类方法是多目标贝叶斯滤波的闭式解,但标准测量模型下维持多假设仍极其耗时,即使采用假设剪枝近似也难以缓解。本文以广义带标签多伯努利(GLMB)滤波器为例,研究一种允许多个检测来自同一传感器的变体。该设计打破了标准GLMB中检测间的依赖关系,使滤波更新具有显著提升的并行可扩展性,从而支持高效部署在GPU硬件上。我们报告了初步的GPU加速实现结果,重点分析了追踪器运行时间随目标数和保留最大假设数的变化情况。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Much recent research on multi-target tracking has focused on multi-hypothesis approaches leveraging random finite sets. Of particular interest are labeled random finite set methods that maintain temporally coherent labels for each object. While these methods enjoy important theoretical properties as closed-form solutions to the multi-target Bayes filter, the maintenance of multiple hypotheses under the standard measurement model is highly computationally expensive, even when hypothesis pruning approximations are applied. In this work, we focus on the Generalized Labeled Multi-Bernoulli (GLMB) filter as an example of this class of methods. We investigate a variant of the filter that allows multiple detections per object from the same sensor, a critical capability when deploying tracking in the context of distributed networks of machine learning-based virtual sensors. We show that this breaks the inter-detection dependencies in the filter updates of the standard GLMB filter, allowing updates with significantly improved parallel scalability and enabling efficient deployment on GPU hardware. We report the results of a preliminary analysis of a GPU-accelerated implementation of our proposed GLMB tracker, with a focus on run time scalability with respect to the number of objects and the maximum number of retained hypotheses.
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