用信念框和开放心态提升AI在辩论中的说服力与变通性
The Effect of Belief Boxes and Open-mindedness on Persuasion
- 给AI设定信念框，使其在对话中更像有真实观点的个体
- 开放心态使AI更易接受新观点，尤其在多数派压力下
- 信念框能有效影响说服力与立场改变，适用于多智能体协作场景
随着多智能体系统在推理与决策任务中的广泛应用，基于大语言模型的智能体需要具备类似命题信念的能力。一种简单方法是在提示词中加入代表信念的陈述（即‘信念框’）。本文通过一系列实验探究：当智能体拥有信念框时，其行为与信念倾向如何变化？是否显著影响其在多智能体场景中的说服能力？同时研究赋予智能体‘开放心态’指令的效果。结果表明，开放心态显著提升智能体对信念变更的接受度；引入信念及其强度后，智能体对反对观点的抵抗性和自身说服力均被影响，尤其在面对多数反对意见（即同伴压力）时更为明显。研究验证了信念框技术在推理与决策任务中的可行性和有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As multi-agent systems are increasingly utilized for reasoning and decision-making applications, there is a greater need for LLM-based agents to have something resembling propositional beliefs. One simple method for doing so is to include statements describing beliefs maintained in the prompt space (in what we'll call their belief boxes). But when agents have such statements in belief boxes, how does it actually affect their behaviors and dispositions towards those beliefs? And does it significantly affect agents' ability to be persuasive in multi-agent scenarios? Likewise, if the agents are given instructions to be open-minded, how does that affect their behaviors? We explore these and related questions in a series of experiments. Our findings confirm that instructing agents to be open-minded affects how amenable they are to belief change. We show that incorporating belief statements and their strengths influences an agent's resistance to (and persuasiveness against) opposing viewpoints. Furthermore, it affects the likelihood of belief change, particularly when the agent is outnumbered in a debate by opposing viewpoints, i.e., peer pressure scenarios. The results demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the belief box technique in reasoning and decision-making tasks.
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