用脊椎级别标签实现无病灶标注的肿瘤分割,准确率高且可扩展。
Hide-and-Seek Attribution: Weakly Supervised Segmentation of Vertebral Metastases in CT
- 基于扩散自编码器生成健康形态,通过像素差异定位可疑区域。
- 采用隐藏-寻找归因法逐个揭示候选区,量化恶性贡献,定位真实病灶。
- 仅需脊椎级标签即可达到媲美全监督的分割效果,适合临床数据稀缺场景。
CT中脊椎转移瘤的精确分割对临床至关重要,但难以规模化,因体素级标注稀缺,且溶骨性和成骨性病灶常与良性退行性改变相似。本文提出一种2D弱监督方法,仅使用脊椎级别的健康/恶性标签,无需任何病灶掩码。方法结合扩散自编码器(DAE)生成分类器引导的健康形态,以及像素级差异图提出可疑候选病灶。为判断哪些区域真正反映恶性特征,引入隐藏-寻找归因:逐一揭示候选区域,其余区域隐藏,经DAE将编辑图像投影回数据流形,由潜在空间分类器量化该成分的独立恶性贡献。得分高的区域构成最终的溶骨或成骨分割。在独立放射科医生标注上,性能强劲(溶骨F1:0.91, Dice:0.87;成骨F1:0.85, Dice:0.78),超越基线(溶骨F1:0.79, Dice:0.74;成骨F1:0.67, Dice:0.55)。结果表明,脊椎级标签可转化为可靠病灶掩码,证明生成式编辑结合选择性遮蔽能支持高质量的弱监督CT分割。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Accurate segmentation of vertebral metastasis in CT is clinically important yet difficult to scale, as voxel-level annotations are scarce and both lytic and blastic lesions often resemble benign degenerative changes. We introduce a 2D weakly supervised method trained solely on vertebra-level healthy/malignant labels, without any lesion masks. The method combines a Diffusion Autoencoder (DAE) that produces a classifier-guided healthy edit of each vertebra with pixel-wise difference maps that propose suspect candidate lesions. To determine which regions truly reflect malignancy, we introduce Hide-and-Seek Attribution: each candidate is revealed in turn while all others are hidden, the edited image is projected back to the data manifold by the DAE, and a latent-space classifier quantifies the isolated malignant contribution of that component. High-scoring regions form the final lytic or blastic segmentation. On held-out radiologist annotations, we achieve strong blastic/lytic performance despite no mask supervision (F1: 0.91/0.85; Dice: 0.87/0.78), exceeding baselines (F1: 0.79/0.67; Dice: 0.74/0.55). These results show that vertebra-level labels can be transformed into reliable lesion masks, demonstrating that generative editing combined with selective occlusion supports accurate weakly supervised segmentation in CT.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。