arXiv:2512.07819cs.RO2025-12被引 1

让人形机器人与人类协作搬运,支持推拉转等复杂动作。

Efficient and Compliant Control Framework for Versatile Human-Humanoid Collaborative Transportation

  • 用交互式倒立摆模型生成动态可行的步态规划。
  • 实测在Digit平台完成推、转、半圆轨迹等协同搬运任务。
  • 提出效率指标,量化协作质量并揭示柔顺性关键作用。

我们提出一种控制框架,使人形机器人能够与人类伙伴共同完成搬运任务。该框架支持平移和旋转运动,是协同搬运的核心需求。系统包含三个部分:高层规划器、低层控制器和刚度调节机制。规划层面引入交互式线性倒立摆(I-LIP),结合阻抗模型与模型预测控制(MPC)生成动态可行的步态规划;低层采用基于二次规划(QP)的全身控制器,考虑人形机器人-物体耦合动力学;刚度调节机制控制机器人与物体间的相互作用,确保相对配置收敛至物体与机器人质心间预设距离。通过在Digit人形平台上进行真实实验验证了框架有效性。为量化协作质量,我们提出一个综合任务表现与多智能体协调性的效率指标,结果表明柔顺性在协作任务中至关重要,并揭示了高低层控制中理想轨迹特征。实验展示了包括平移、转向及半圆路径等组合运动在内的协同行为,代表自然发生的协同搬运场景。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We present a control framework that enables humanoid robots to perform collaborative transportation tasks with a human partner. The framework supports both translational and rotational motions, which are fundamental to co-transport scenarios. It comprises three components: a high-level planner, a low-level controller, and a stiffness modulation mechanism. At the planning level, we introduce the Interaction Linear Inverted Pendulum (I-LIP), which, combined with an admittance model and an MPC formulation, generates dynamically feasible footstep plans. These are executed by a QP-based whole-body controller that accounts for the coupled humanoid-object dynamics. Stiffness modulation regulates robot-object interaction, ensuring convergence to the desired relative configuration defined by the distance between the object and the robot's center of mass. We validate the effectiveness of the framework through real-world experiments conducted on the Digit humanoid platform. To quantify collaboration quality, we propose an efficiency metric that captures both task performance and inter-agent coordination. We show that this metric highlights the role of compliance in collaborative tasks and offers insights into desirable trajectory characteristics across both high- and low-level control layers. Finally, we showcase experimental results on collaborative behaviors, including translation, turning, and combined motions such as semi circular trajectories, representative of naturally occurring co-transportation tasks.

人机协作运动控制柔顺性

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