arXiv:2512.07857cs.LG2025-12AAAI被引 5

通过结构感知语义增强,提升图模型在噪声和攻击下的鲁棒性。

SA$^{2}$GFM: Enhancing Robust Graph Foundation Models with Structure-Aware Semantic Augmentation

  • 用结构感知文本提示增强特征,捕捉层次化结构语义。
  • 在节点和图分类任务中,对随机噪声和对抗扰动的准确率提升12%以上。
  • 适合需要高鲁棒性的图学习场景,如金融风控、医疗图分析。

图基础模型(GFMs)在多项任务中取得显著进展,但其在领域噪声、结构扰动及对抗攻击下的鲁棒性仍待深入研究。核心挑战在于对层次化结构语义建模不足,影响泛化能力。本文提出SA²GFM框架,通过结构感知语义增强提升域自适应表示。首先,将基于熵的编码树转换为结构感知文本提示,用于特征增强;随后,采用自监督信息瓶颈机制,通过结构引导压缩提炼出鲁棒且可迁移的表示。为缓解跨域适配中的负迁移问题,引入专家自适应路由机制,结合混合专家架构与零专家设计。针对下游高效微调,提出联合社区内与社区间结构学习的优化模块。大量实验表明,SA²GFM在节点分类和图分类任务中均优于9个先进基线,在随机噪声和对抗扰动下表现更优,准确率提升超12%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

We present Graph Foundation Models (GFMs) which have made significant progress in various tasks, but their robustness against domain noise, structural perturbations, and adversarial attacks remains underexplored. A key limitation is the insufficient modeling of hierarchical structural semantics, which are crucial for generalization. In this paper, we propose SA$^{2}$GFM, a robust GFM framework that improves domain-adaptive representations through Structure-Aware Semantic Augmentation. First, we encode hierarchical structural priors by transforming entropy-based encoding trees into structure-aware textual prompts for feature augmentation. The enhanced inputs are processed by a self-supervised Information Bottleneck mechanism that distills robust, transferable representations via structure-guided compression. To address negative transfer in cross-domain adaptation, we introduce an expert adaptive routing mechanism, combining a mixture-of-experts architecture with a null expert design. For efficient downstream adaptation, we propose a fine-tuning module that optimizes hierarchical structures through joint intra- and inter-community structure learning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SA$^{2}$GFM outperforms 9 state-of-the-art baselines in terms of effectiveness and robustness against random noise and adversarial perturbations for node and graph classification.

图神经网络鲁棒性结构增强自监督学习

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