研究学生如何与写作AI互动，发现主动写作比提问更能提升作文质量。
Examining Student Interactions with a Pedagogical AI-Assistant for Essay Writing and their Impact on Students Writing Quality
- 通过行为日志分析学生与AI的互动模式，发现两类主要策略。
- 主动写稿并让AI反馈的学生，文章结构得分更高（效应量r=0.36）。
- 适合教育者和AI系统设计者参考，推动学生从提问转向写作。
学生与生成式AI在写作过程中的动态交互及其对写作质量的影响仍不明确。尽管多数研究关注通用型AI对写作的支持，但针对教学设计的AI系统在写作各阶段的使用行为仍缺乏探究。本研究评估了一款专为高等教育议论文写作设计的生成式AI写作助手（EWA），基于32名本科生在两小时写作会话中产生的1,282条交互日志，采用序列模式挖掘与K均值聚类识别出两类行为模式：第一类侧重提纲规划与文章结构，第二类聚焦内容创作。曼-惠特尼U检验显示，第一类在文章组织维度上表现更优，效应量r = 0.36。定性分析表明，高分学生更倾向于主动撰写并上传段落获取反馈，而非被动提问。研究提示教师应鼓励主动参与，未来EWA可集成自动标注与监控功能，引导学生从提问转向写作，以充分释放生成式AI在学习中的潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The dynamic nature of interactions between students and GenAI, as well as their relationship to writing quality, remains underexplored. While most research has examined how general-purpose GenAI can support writing, fewer studies have investigated how students interact with pedagogically designed systems across different phases of the writing process. To address this gap, we evaluated a GenAI-driven essay-writing assistant (EWA) designed to support higher education students in argumentative writing. Drawing on 1,282 interaction logs from 32 undergraduates during a two-hour writing session, Sequential Pattern Mining and K-Means clustering were used to identify behavioral patterns. Two clusters emerged: Cluster 1 emphasized outline planning and essay structure, while Cluster 2 focused on content development. A Mann-Whitney U test revealed a moderate effect size (r = 0.36) in the essay Organization dimension, with Cluster 1 showing higher scores. Qualitative analysis indicated that students with better performance actively wrote and shared essay sections with EWA for feedback, rather than interacted passively by asking questions. These findings suggest implications for teaching and system design. Teachers can encourage active engagement, while future EWAs may integrate automatic labeling and monitoring to prompt students to move from questioning to writing, enabling fuller benefits from GenAI-supported learning.
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