用相似性生成虚拟交互,解决多模态推荐数据稀疏问题。
VI-MMRec: Similarity-Aware Training Cost-free Virtual User-Item Interactions for Multimodal Recommendation
- 基于模态特征相似性构建虚拟用户-物品交互
- 在6个数据集上提升7种模型性能,无训练开销
- 即插即用,适合想低成本提升推荐效果的开发者
现有多模态推荐模型受数据稀疏问题制约,因用户仅与少量物品互动,导致未观察项被随意视为负样本。为此,我们提出VI-MMRec——一种模型无关、零训练成本的框架,通过相似性感知的虚拟用户-物品交互来丰富稀疏交互。虚拟交互基于用户已互动物品的模态特异性特征相似性构建,采用两种策略:(1) 叠加法,独立聚合各模态相似性以保留模态特异性偏好;(2) 协同法,融合跨模态相似性以捕捉互补偏好。设计统计驱动的权重分配机制,根据数据集的模态相关性自适应调整虚拟交互权重。作为即插即用框架,可无缝集成至现有模型而不修改核心结构,且不增加训练开销。在六个真实世界数据集上,使用七种前沿多模态推荐模型的实验验证了其有效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Although existing multimodal recommendation models have shown promising performance, their effectiveness continues to be limited by the pervasive data sparsity problem. This problem arises because users typically interact with only a small subset of available items, leading existing models to arbitrarily treat unobserved items as negative samples. To this end, we propose VI-MMRec, a model-agnostic and training cost-free framework that enriches sparse user-item interactions via similarity-aware virtual user-item interactions. These virtual interactions are constructed based on modality-specific feature similarities of user-interacted items. Specifically, VI-MMRec introduces two different strategies: (1) Overlay, which independently aggregates modality-specific similarities to preserve modality-specific user preferences, and (2) Synergistic, which holistically fuses cross-modal similarities to capture complementary user preferences. To ensure high-quality augmentation, we design a statistically informed weight allocation mechanism that adaptively assigns weights to virtual user-item interactions based on dataset-specific modality relevance. As a plug-and-play framework, VI-MMRec seamlessly integrates with existing models to enhance their performance without modifying their core architecture. Its flexibility allows it to be easily incorporated into various existing models, maximizing performance with minimal implementation effort. Moreover, VI-MMRec introduces no additional overhead during training, making it significantly advantageous for practical deployment. Comprehensive experiments conducted on six real-world datasets using seven state-of-the-art multimodal recommendation models validate the effectiveness of our VI-MMRec.
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