arXiv:2512.08964cs.LG2025-12

用大模型从失败拓扑中推理出好结构,无需特征或任务信息。

T2T-LA: A Topology-to-Topology LLM Agent for Graph Learning with Neither Feature Access nor Task Knowledge

  • 仅凭失败拓扑和得分,让大模型推断隐藏的拓扑关系。
  • 一次生成即得到可用拓扑,使下游算法达到良好效果。
  • 适合无法手动设计拓扑的CAD场景,推动LLM在图学习中的应用。

图学习旨在将数据转化为图表示,是机器学习在CAD领域中的基础,电路、版图、设计与优化状态常被建模为图结构对象。现有方法通常依赖精心设计的图构建规则、大量参数调优及复杂数学理论;且取得良好性能常需针对下游任务定制化图构建。本文研究大语言模型(LLM)是否能在不观察特征矩阵、不知下游任务、不依赖人工设计的图构建算法或调参过程的情况下,推理图结构并推断出有用拓扑。为此,提出T2T-LA:一种拓扑到拓扑的LLM代理,仅接收一组先前失败的拓扑及其由私有评分器赋予的分数。该代理不知任务来源、拓扑生成方式或分数含义。由于所有观测拓扑均不理想,T2T-LA无法简单模仿成功案例,而被迫推断图连通模式与评分间的隐含关系,这在难以手动指定有效设计结构的CAD场景中尤为关键。实验表明,T2T-LA可一次性生成使下游算法产生足够优解的图拓扑,揭示了基于LLM的拓扑推理与图表示学习在机器学习-为-CAD工作流中的新方向。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Graph learning aims to convert data into graph representations, which are fundamental to many problems in machine learning for CAD, where circuits, layouts, designs, and optimization states are often modeled as graph-structured objects. Existing graph learning methods usually rely on carefully designed graph construction rules, extensive parameter tuning, and sophisticated mathematical theory; moreover, achieving good performance often requires task-specific graph construction tailored to the downstream objective. In this work, we study whether a large language model (LLM) can reason about graph structure and infer a useful topology without observing the feature matrix, without knowing the downstream task, and without relying on any carefully designed graph construction algorithm or parameter tuning process. To this end, we propose T2T-LA, a Topology-to-Topology LLM Agent that receives no input other than a set of previously failed topologies and the scores assigned to them by a private scorer. The agent is not told what task or algorithm produces the scores, how these topologies are generated, or what the scores mean. Since none of the observed topologies is satisfactory, T2T-LA cannot simply imitate a good example. Instead, it is forced to infer hidden relationships between graph connectivity patterns and the observed scores, a capability that is particularly relevant to CAD scenarios where useful design structures may be difficult to specify manually. Experimental results show that T2T-LA can generate, in one shot, a graph topology that enables the downstream algorithm to produce a sufficiently good solution, suggesting a new LLM-driven direction for topology reasoning and graph representation learning in ML-for-CAD workflows.

图学习LLM推理CAD拓扑生成

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。