用泛函空间的神经算子预测流体动力学,实现无需训练的超分辨率预测。
Banach neural operator for Navier-Stokes equations
- 结合科普曼算子与卷积网络,学习无限维函数空间中的非线性动态映射。
- 在纳维-斯托克斯方程上实现零样本超分辨率,精度优于传统方法。
- 适合需要高精度、跨网格通用性的科学计算场景,如湍流模拟。
经典神经网络擅长有限维空间映射,却难以捕捉无限维函数空间中的复杂算子动态。神经算子作为科学机器学习工具,可学习此类映射,但通常缺乏时空信息融合机制。本文提出巴拿赫神经算子(BNO),将科普曼算子理论与深度神经网络结合,从部分观测中预测非线性时空动态。BNO通过科普曼谱线性化与卷积神经网络的非线性激活,近似巴拿赫空间间的非线性算子,构建序列到序列模型,捕获主导动态模式并实现网格无关预测。在纳维-斯托克斯方程上的数值实验表明,该方法具备高精度与强泛化能力,尤其在未训练条件下实现稳健的零样本超分辨率,显著优于传统科普曼方法与深度学习模型。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Classical neural networks are known for their ability to approximate mappings between finite-dimensional spaces, but they fall short in capturing complex operator dynamics across infinite-dimensional function spaces. Neural operators, in contrast, have emerged as powerful tools in scientific machine learning for learning such mappings. However, standard neural operators typically lack mechanisms for mixing or attending to input information across space and time. In this work, we introduce the Banach neural operator (BNO) -- a novel framework that integrates Koopman operator theory with deep neural networks to predict nonlinear, spatiotemporal dynamics from partial observations. The BNO approximates a nonlinear operator between Banach spaces by combining spectral linearization (via Koopman theory) with deep feature learning (via convolutional neural networks and nonlinear activations). This sequence-to-sequence model captures dominant dynamic modes and allows for mesh-independent prediction. Numerical experiments on the Navier-Stokes equations demonstrate the method's accuracy and generalization capabilities. In particular, BNO achieves robust zero-shot super-resolution in unsteady flow prediction and consistently outperforms conventional Koopman-based methods and deep learning models.
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