针对AI生成图像检测器,提出一种基于频域的黑盒攻击方法。
FBA$^2$D: Frequency-based Black-box Attack for AI-generated Image Detection
- 利用DCT进行频谱细粒度划分,选择频段作为查询子空间。
- 在两个数据集上以低查询次数成功攻破检测器,保持图像质量。
- 适合研究生成内容安全、对抗攻击的人员参考。
人工智能生成内容(AIGC)的蓬勃发展引发了人们对社交媒体上虚假信息传播的担忧。设计检测器以过滤有害内容是一种有效防御手段,但大多数检测器易受对抗样本影响。现有研究大多假设攻击者掌握模型结构和数据分布信息,但在实际应用中,攻击者通过API调用服务模型,属于黑盒决策型攻击。然而,目前对AIGC检测器的决策型攻击尚无研究。本文提出FBA²D:一种基于频域的黑盒攻击方法,填补该空白。受生成图像与真实图像在频域差异的启发,我们采用离散余弦变换(DCT)实现精细频谱分割,选取频率带作为查询子空间,提升查询效率并保持图像质量。同时,为缓解初始化失败、维持图像质量并满足严格查询预算,我们引入“对抗样本汤”策略,对连续代理迭代中的候选样本求平均,并将其作为初始值以加速攻击。在Synthetic LSUN和GenImage数据集上的实证研究表明,该方法有效。本研究凸显了应对实际AIGC安全问题的紧迫性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The prosperous development of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC) has brought people's anxiety about the spread of false information on social media. Designing detectors for filtering is an effective defense method, but most detectors will be compromised by adversarial samples. Currently, most studies exposing AIGC security issues assume information on model structure and data distribution. In real applications, attackers query and interfere with models that provide services in the form of application programming interfaces (APIs), which constitutes the black-box decision-based attack paradigm. However, to the best of our knowledge, decision-based attacks on AIGC detectors remain unexplored. In this study, we propose \textbf{FBA$^2$D}: a frequency-based black-box attack method for AIGC detection to fill the research gap. Motivated by frequency-domain discrepancies between generated and real images, we develop a decision-based attack that leverages the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for fine-grained spectral partitioning and selects frequency bands as query subspaces, improving both query efficiency and image quality. Moreover, attacks on AIGC detectors should mitigate initialization failures, preserve image quality, and operate under strict query budgets. To address these issues, we adopt an ``adversarial example soup'' method, averaging candidates from successive surrogate iterations and using the result as the initialization to accelerate the query-based attack. The empirical study on the Synthetic LSUN dataset and GenImage dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our prosed method. This study shows the urgency of addressing practical AIGC security problems.
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