arXiv:2512.09327cs.CVcs.SD2025-12被引 9

用双轨音频端到端生成会说话又会听的逼真虚拟人。

UniLS: End-to-End Audio-Driven Avatars for Unified Listening and Speaking

  • 分两阶段训练:先学自发面部动作,再用语音调节。
  • 听的动作自然度提升44.1%,说话准确率达顶尖水平。
  • 适合做实时交互数字人,无需额外动作数据。

生成逼真的对话虚拟人需同时建模说话与听的动作。然而,监听动作建模极难:直接音频驱动训练会导致动作僵硬呆板。根本原因在于说话动作强受语音驱动,而监听动作主要依赖内部运动先验,仅松散受外部语音影响。现有方法多只关注说话,少数联合生成需额外说话动作数据,非端到端,难以实时应用。为此,我们提出UniLS,首个仅用双轨音频实现端到端统一说听表达生成的框架。方法采用两阶段训练:第一阶段在无音频条件下训练自回归生成器,学习自然面部动作的内在动态;第二阶段引入双轨音频,微调生成器根据外部语音信号调节已学动作先验。大量评估表明,UniLS在说话准确率上达到当前最优,更重要的是,在听的动作指标上提升高达44.1%,生成更丰富自然的监听表情,有效缓解僵硬问题,为交互式数字人提供高保真、可实时运行的音频驱动方案。代码与演示见https://xg-chu.site/project_unils/。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Generating lifelike conversational avatars requires modeling not just isolated speakers, but the dynamic, reciprocal interaction of speaking and listening. However, modeling the listener is exceptionally challenging: direct audio-driven training fails, producing stiff, static listening motions. This failure stems from a fundamental imbalance: the speaker's motion is strongly driven by speech audio, while the listener's motion primarily follows an internal motion prior and is only loosely guided by external speech. This challenge has led most methods to focus on speak-only generation. The only prior attempt at joint generation relies on extra speaker's motion to produce the listener. This design is not end-to-end, thereby hindering the real-time applicability. To address this limitation, we present UniLS, the first end-to-end framework for generating unified speak-listen expressions, driven by only dual-track audio. Our method introduces a novel two-stage training paradigm. Stage 1 first learns the internal motion prior by training an audio-free autoregressive generator, capturing the spontaneous dynamics of natural facial motion. Stage 2 then introduces the dual-track audio, fine-tuning the generator to modulate the learned motion prior based on external speech cues. Extensive evaluations show UniLS achieves state-of-the-art speaking accuracy. More importantly, it delivers up to 44.1\% improvement in listening metrics, generating significantly more diverse and natural listening expressions. This effectively mitigates the stiffness problem and provides a practical, high-fidelity audio-driven solution for interactive digital humans. Code and demos are available at https://xg-chu.site/project_unils/.

虚拟人语音驱动动作生成端到端

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