自动规划卫星拍摄任务并智能分析图像,提升地球观测效率。
An Automated Tip-and-Cue Framework for Optimized Satellite Tasking and Visual Intelligence
- 基于外部数据生成目标提示,自动生成满足传感器约束的拍摄任务
- 通过连续效用函数优化多颗卫星的任务调度,实现高效观测覆盖
- 结合AI模型生成可视化报告,适合应急响应与城市监控场景
卫星星座的普及、任务延迟降低及多样化传感器能力,拓展了自动化地球观测的应用前景。本文提出一种全自动的Tip-and-Cue框架,用于卫星成像任务规划与调度。其中,提示来自外部数据或对历史影像的分析,识别时空目标并排序优先级;对应的线索是根据传感器约束、时间要求和效用函数生成的成像任务。系统自主生成候选任务,利用连续效用函数在多颗卫星间优化调度,反映每次观测的预期价值,并采用基于AI的模型(包括目标检测器和视觉-语言模型)处理图像结果。系统生成结构化视觉报告,支持可解释性并发现新洞察,用于后续任务规划。框架在海上船舶追踪场景中验证,使用自动识别系统(AIS)数据进行轨迹预测、定向观测和生成可操作输出。该应用广泛用于评估新型卫星任务规划、预测与分析方法。系统可扩展至智慧城市监测与灾害响应等需及时任务规划与自动化分析的领域。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The proliferation of satellite constellations, coupled with reduced tasking latency and diverse sensor capabilities, has expanded the opportunities for automated Earth observation. This paper introduces a fully automated Tip-and-Cue framework designed for satellite imaging tasking and scheduling. In this context, tips are generated from external data sources or analyses of prior satellite imagery, identifying spatiotemporal targets and prioritizing them for downstream planning. Corresponding cues are the imaging tasks formulated in response, which incorporate sensor constraints, timing requirements, and utility functions. The system autonomously generates candidate tasks, optimizes their scheduling across multiple satellites using continuous utility functions that reflect the expected value of each observation, and processes the resulting imagery using artificial-intelligence-based models, including object detectors and vision-language models. Structured visual reports are generated to support both interpretability and the identification of new insights for downstream tasking. The efficacy of the framework is demonstrated through a maritime vessel tracking scenario, utilizing Automatic Identification System (AIS) data for trajectory prediction, targeted observations, and the generation of actionable outputs. Maritime vessel tracking is a widely researched application, often used to benchmark novel approaches to satellite tasking, forecasting, and analysis. The system is extensible to broader applications such as smart-city monitoring and disaster response, where timely tasking and automated analysis are critical.
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