arXiv:2512.10319cs.ROcs.CV2025-12被引 1

六轮悬架+三轴机械臂,激光精准除草,高效稳定。

Design of a six wheel suspension and a three-axis linear actuation mechanism for a laser weeding robot

  • 六轮双四杆悬架提升地形适应性,三轴线性机构精准定位激光
  • 42.5 cm/s 速度下检测率达86.2%,每米作业仅需87秒,误差低至1.54 mm
  • 适合智能农业中高精度、无化学污染的除草场景

移动机器人在农业中日益用于自动化除草、播种、收获和土壤分析等劳动密集型任务。近年来,农业机器人通过机械工具或精确喷洒除草剂实现杂草检测与清除。机械除草在大田中效率低,而除草剂会破坏土壤生态系统。基于移动机器人的激光除草技术成为精准农业中可持续的替代方案。本文提出一种自主除草机器人,通过受控低能激光束实现杂草清除。该机器人采用六轮设计,配备新型双四杆悬架以增强稳定性;激光通过三维线性执行机构精准导向目标杂草。田间测试表明,机器人可有效穿越高度达15厘米的障碍物。在最优速度42.5厘米/秒下,杂草检测率达到86.2%,每米作业耗时87秒。激光执行机构平均位置误差仅为1.54毫米,命中率高达97%,确保高效精准的杂草清除。该系统在速度、精度与效率方面的综合表现,凸显其在提升精准农业实践中的潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Mobile robots are increasingly utilized in agriculture to automate labor-intensive tasks such as weeding, sowing, harvesting and soil analysis. Recently, agricultural robots have been developed to detect and remove weeds using mechanical tools or precise herbicide sprays. Mechanical weeding is inefficient over large fields, and herbicides harm the soil ecosystem. Laser weeding with mobile robots has emerged as a sustainable alternative in precision farming. In this paper, we present an autonomous weeding robot that uses controlled exposure to a low energy laser beam for weed removal. The proposed robot is six-wheeled with a novel double four-bar suspension for higher stability. The laser is guided towards the detected weeds by a three-dimensional linear actuation mechanism. Field tests have demonstrated the robot's capability to navigate agricultural terrains effectively by overcoming obstacles up to 15 cm in height. At an optimal speed of 42.5 cm/s, the robot achieves a weed detection rate of 86.2\% and operating time of 87 seconds per meter. The laser actuation mechanism maintains a minimal mean positional error of 1.54 mm, combined with a high hit rate of 97\%, ensuring effective and accurate weed removal. This combination of speed, accuracy, and efficiency highlights the robot's potential for significantly enhancing precision farming practices.

农业机器人激光除草六轮悬架精准农业

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