用神经网络融合超宽带与惯性数据,实现无标定高精度定位。
Neural Ranging Inertial Odometry
- 构建图注意力网络学习场景中的测距模式,适应任意数量信标。
- 在单信标、隧道等复杂场景下定位误差低于0.5m,优于传统方法。
- 适合无人车、机器人在无GPS环境下的实时定位应用。
超宽带(UWB)在无卫星信号环境下展现良好定位潜力,因其轻量且无漂移特性,但实际精度受限于传感器布置敏感性和多径/多信号干扰导致的非高斯误差,常见于长隧道等典型场景。本文提出一种新型神经融合测距惯性里程计框架,包含图注意力UWB网络与循环神经惯性网络。图网络学习场景相关的测距模式,可适应任意数量的信标或标签,实现无需标定的精准定位。同时,融合最小二乘优化与名义帧机制,显著提升整体性能与可扩展性。通过在公开及自采数据集上涵盖室内外及隧道环境的大量实验验证,结果表明所提IR-ULSG方法在挑战性条件下(如超出凸包区域、仅单信标)均表现出优越性与鲁棒性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Ultra-wideband (UWB) has shown promising potential in GPS-denied localization thanks to its lightweight and drift-free characteristics, while the accuracy is limited in real scenarios due to its sensitivity to sensor arrangement and non-Gaussian pattern induced by multi-path or multi-signal interference, which commonly occurs in many typical applications like long tunnels. We introduce a novel neural fusion framework for ranging inertial odometry which involves a graph attention UWB network and a recurrent neural inertial network. Our graph net learns scene-relevant ranging patterns and adapts to any number of anchors or tags, realizing accurate positioning without calibration. Additionally, the integration of least squares and the incorporation of nominal frame enhance overall performance and scalability. The effectiveness and robustness of our methods are validated through extensive experiments on both public and self-collected datasets, spanning indoor, outdoor, and tunnel environments. The results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed IR-ULSG in handling challenging conditions, including scenarios outside the convex envelope and cases where only a single anchor is available.
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