arXiv:2512.10582quant-phcs.LG2025-12

用几何先验优化量子生成对抗网络,提升受限图生成质量

Topology-Guided Quantum GANs for Constrained Graph Generation

  • 将几何约束融入量子电路拓扑设计,增强模型对特定结构的生成能力
  • 三角形拓扑量子生成器在几何有效性上表现最佳,媲美经典GAN
  • 关键架构选择影响几何一致性与分布准确性的权衡,适合图生成任务

量子计算(QC)在理论上具有优势,可解决经典难以模拟的问题。然而,其性能高度依赖于量子电路设计。现有研究多采用通用、通用型架构,未充分探索领域特定的变分电路拓扑。本文提出将任务相关的归纳偏置——特别是几何先验——融入量子电路设计,以提升混合量子生成对抗网络(QuGAN)在生成几何约束的K4图任务上的表现。我们评估了多种纠缠拓扑和损失函数设计,考察其对统计保真度及几何约束(包括三角不等式和Ptolemaic不等式)遵守程度的影响。结果表明,使电路拓扑与问题结构对齐能显著提升性能:三角形拓扑的QuGAN在几何有效性上优于其他量子模型,并达到与经典生成对抗网络相当的水平。此外,我们揭示了纠缠门类型、方差正则化和输出缩放等架构选择如何调控几何一致性与分布准确性之间的权衡,凸显了结构化、任务感知量子变分电路设计的价值。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Quantum computing (QC) promises theoretical advantages, benefiting computational problems that would not be efficiently classically simulatable. However, much of this theoretical speedup depends on the quantum circuit design solving the problem. We argue that QC literature has yet to explore more domain specific ansatz-topologies, instead of relying on generic, one-size-fits-all architectures. In this work, we show that incorporating task-specific inductive biases -- specifically geometric priors -- into quantum circuit design can enhance the performance of hybrid Quantum Generative Adversarial Networks (QuGANs) on the task of generating geometrically constrained K4 graphs. We evaluate a portfolio of entanglement topologies and loss-function designs to assess their impact on both statistical fidelity and compliance with geometric constraints, including the Triangle and Ptolemaic inequalities. Our results show that aligning circuit topology with the underlying problem structure yields substantial benefits: the Triangle-topology QuGAN achieves the highest geometric validity among quantum models and matches the performance of classical Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). Additionally, we showcase how specific architectural choices, such as entangling gate types, variance regularization and output-scaling govern the trade-off between geometric consistency and distributional accuracy, thus emphasizing the value of structured, task-aware quantum ansatz-topologies.

量子生成模型图生成几何约束

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