用量子戈莱码结合Transformer提升纠错效率,性能优于拓扑码。
QGEC : Quantum Golay Code Error Correction
- 用戈莱码设计量子纠错方案,通过Transformer解码
- 23比特戈莱码(距离7)纠错准确率高于50比特拓扑码(距离5)
- 适合研究高效量子纠错与深度学习结合的学者
量子计算机在特定问题上具有远低于经典计算机的计算负载潜力。量子误差校正(QEC)对易受外界噪声影响的量子比特至关重要。在QEC中,通过稳定子生成元的测量结果推断实际错误,而非直接测量数据量子比特。本文提出量子戈莱码纠错(QGEC),利用经典信息论中的高效编码方法戈莱码。我们研究了基于Transformer的解码器在不同权重集和三种具有不同比特翻转与相位翻转相关性的噪声模型下的解码能力。在离散均匀分布噪声下,将相同架构的Transformer解码器分别在戈莱码和环面码上训练并比较性能。结果显示,错误相关性较低的噪声模型表现更优,而生成多项式的权重对解码准确率影响较小。此外,仅需23个数据量子比特、码距为7的戈莱码,其解码准确率高于需50个数据量子比特、码距为5的环面码。这表明基于Transformer实现的戈莱码可能更高效地支持容错量子计算。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Quantum computers have the possibility of a much reduced calculation load compared with classical computers in specific problems. Quantum error correction (QEC) is vital for handling qubits, which are vulnerable to external noise. In QEC, actual errors are predicted from the results of syndrome measurements by stabilizer generators, in place of making direct measurements of the data qubits. Here, we propose Quantum Golay code Error Correction (QGEC), a QEC method using Golay code, which is an efficient coding method in classical information theory. We investigated our method's ability in decoding calculations with the Transformer. We evaluated the accuracy of the decoder in a code space defined by the generative polynomials with three different weights sets and three noise models with different correlations of bit-flip error and phase-flip error. Furthermore, under a noise model following a discrete uniform distribution, we compared the decoding performance of Transformer decoders with identical architectures trained respectively on Golay and toric codes. The results showed that the noise model with the smaller correlation gave better accuracy, while the weights of the generative polynomials had little effect on the accuracy of the decoder. In addition, they showed that Golay code requiring 23 data qubits and having a code distance of 7 achieved higher decoding accuracy than toric code which requiring 50 data qubits and having a code distance of 5. This suggests that implementing quantum error correction using a Transformer may enable the Golay code to realize fault-tolerant quantum computation more efficiently.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。