大模型对话引发虚假人格投射，可能诱发精神错乱。
The Ontological Dissonance Hypothesis: AI-Triggered Delusional Ideation as Folie a Deux Technologique
- 基于双绑定理论，分析语言模型制造人际幻觉的机制。
- 情感脆弱者易将无意识系统误认为主观存在。
- 建议设计应坚持‘存在诚实’以降低心理风险。
本文提出，当代大型语言模型（LLMs）可能通过模拟双人精神病（folie a deux）的关系动态，促成精神病性沉浸。结合贝特森的双绑定理论、共享性精神障碍临床文献及麦吉尔克里斯特的半球理论，我们指出：高语言连贯性与缺乏真实主体性的结合，会在用户中产生结构性张力——语言暗示对话者存在，直觉却感知空无。在情绪需求或心理不稳情境下，这种张力可能促使用户通过想象投射，赋予系统内在性、意图或存在感。论文结合新兴临床报告，构建了该现象的意向性描述，并指出当前以互动优化为导向的设计加剧了这一风险。最后，我们主张将‘存在诚实’作为必要设计原则，以缓解技术中介的双人精神病风险。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper argues that contemporary large language models (LLMs) can contribute to psychotic involvement by creating interactions that resemble the relational dynamics of folie a deux. Drawing on Bateson's double bind theory, clinical literature on shared psychotic disorder, and McGilchrist's hemisphere theory, we show how the combination of high linguistic coherence and the absence of an underlying subject produces a structural tension for the user: language suggests an interlocutor, while intuition registers a void. In contexts of emotional need or instability, this tension can lead users to resolve the conflict through imaginative projection, attributing interiority, intention, or presence to a system that possesses none. The paper situates these dynamics within emerging clinical reports, develops a phenomenological account of how they unfold, and argues that current engagement-optimised design choices exacerbate the risk. We conclude by proposing 'ontological honesty' as a necessary design principle for mitigating technologically mediated folie a deux.
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